King James Version

What Does Hebrews 3:8 Mean?

Hebrews 3:8 in the King James Version says “Harden not your hearts, as in the provocation, in the day of temptation in the wilderness: — study this verse from Hebrews chapter 3 with commentary, cross-references, and original Greek word analysis.

Harden not your hearts, as in the provocation, in the day of temptation in the wilderness:

Hebrews 3:8 · KJV


Context

6

But Christ as a son over his own house; whose house are we, if we hold fast the confidence and the rejoicing of the hope firm unto the end.

7

Wherefore (as the Holy Ghost saith, To day if ye will hear his voice,

8

Harden not your hearts, as in the provocation, in the day of temptation in the wilderness:

9

When your fathers tempted me, proved me, and saw my works forty years.

10

Wherefore I was grieved with that generation, and said, They do alway err in their heart; and they have not known my ways.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
The warning against hardening hearts recalls Israel's rebellion at Massah and Meribah (Exodus 17, Numbers 20). The Greek 'sklērynēte' (harden) can be reflexive - don't harden yourselves. This assumes human responsibility in belief/unbelief, though Reformed theology also affirms God's sovereign grace in softening hearts. The 'provocation' (Greek 'parapikrasmou') refers to bitter rebellion against God.

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Historical & Cultural Context

Massah and Meribah were watershed moments where Israel tested God by demanding water. These incidents became paradigmatic examples of unbelief in Jewish tradition, used to warn subsequent generations.

Reflection Questions

  1. What circumstances tempt you to harden your heart against God's word?
  2. How does remembering past instances of God's faithfulness prevent present unbelief?

Original Language Analysis

Greek · 17 words
μὴ1 of 17

not

G3361

(adverb) not, (conjunction) lest; also (as an interrogative implying a negative answer (whereas g3756 expects an affirmative one)) whether

σκληρύνητε2 of 17

Harden

G4645

to indurate, i.e., (figuratively) render stubborn

τὰς3 of 17
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

καρδίας4 of 17

hearts

G2588

the heart, i.e., (figuratively) the thoughts or feelings (mind); also (by analogy) the middle

ὑμῶν5 of 17

your

G5216

of (from or concerning) you

ὡς6 of 17

as

G5613

which how, i.e., in that manner (very variously used, as follows)

ἐν7 of 17

in

G1722

"in," at, (up-)on, by, etc

τῷ8 of 17
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

παραπικρασμῷ9 of 17

the provocation

G3894

irritation

κατὰ10 of 17

in

G2596

(prepositionally) down (in place or time), in varied relations (according to the case (genitive, dative or accusative) with which it is joined)

τὴν11 of 17
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

ἡμέραν12 of 17

the day

G2250

day, i.e., (literally) the time space between dawn and dark, or the whole 24 hours (but several days were usually reckoned by the jews as inclusive of

τοῦ13 of 17
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

πειρασμοῦ14 of 17

of temptation

G3986

a putting to proof (by experiment (of good), experience (of evil), solicitation, discipline or provocation); by implication, adversity

ἐν15 of 17

in

G1722

"in," at, (up-)on, by, etc

τῇ16 of 17
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

ἐρήμῳ17 of 17

the wilderness

G2048

lonesome, i.e., (by implication) waste (usually as a noun, g5561 being implied)


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Hebrews. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Hebrews 3:8 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Hebrews 3:8 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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