King James Version

What Does Ecclesiastes 5:13 Mean?

Ecclesiastes 5:13 in the King James Version says “There is a sore evil which I have seen under the sun, namely, riches kept for the owners thereof to their hurt. — study this verse from Ecclesiastes chapter 5 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

There is a sore evil which I have seen under the sun, namely, riches kept for the owners thereof to their hurt.

Ecclesiastes 5:13 · KJV


Context

11

When goods increase, they are increased that eat them: and what good is there to the owners thereof, saving the beholding of them with their eyes?

12

The sleep of a labouring man is sweet, whether he eat little or much: but the abundance of the rich will not suffer him to sleep.

13

There is a sore evil which I have seen under the sun, namely, riches kept for the owners thereof to their hurt.

14

But those riches perish by evil travail: and he begetteth a son, and there is nothing in his hand.

15

As he came forth of his mother's womb, naked shall he return to go as he came, and shall take nothing of his labour, which he may carry away in his hand.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
There is a sore evil which I have seen under the sun (יֵשׁ רָעָה חוֹלָה רָאִיתִי תַּחַת הַשָּׁמֶשׁ, yesh ra'ah cholah ra'iti tachat hashemesh)—'a grievous evil I have observed.' The term cholah means 'sick' or 'diseased,' intensifying ra'ah (evil). Riches kept for the owners thereof to their hurt (עֹשֶׁר שָׁמוּר לִבְעָלָיו לְרָעָתוֹ, osher shamur liv'alav lera'ato)—wealth guarded/hoarded for its owner unto his harm.

Qoheleth identifies a tragic paradox: wealth accumulated for security becomes the source of ruin. The verb shamur ('kept' or 'guarded') suggests anxious preservation rather than generous circulation. This 'hurt' (ra'ato) can manifest physically (stress, obsession), relationally (isolation, distrust), legally (lawsuits, theft), or spiritually (idolatry of mammon). Jesus's parable of the rich fool (Luke 12:16-21) perfectly illustrates this—the man hoarded for future security, only to lose his soul that very night. Paul warns that 'those who desire to be rich fall into temptation' (1 Timothy 6:9). Wealth hoarded becomes a curse; wealth stewarded becomes blessing.

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

The ancient world lacked banks and secure investment vehicles, making wealth storage physically dangerous (theft, decay). Yet the principle transcends era—hoarded resources, whether gold or stock portfolios, can become spiritual poison.

Reflection Questions

  1. In what ways might your wealth or possessions be harming rather than helping you spiritually?
  2. How does the act of hoarding itself damage character and relationships beyond the material risks?
  3. What would it look like to transition from guarding wealth to stewarding it for Kingdom purposes?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 10 words
יֵ֚שׁ1 of 10

There is

H3426

there is or are (or any other form of the verb to be, as may suit the connection)

לְרָעָתֽוֹ׃2 of 10

evil

H7451

bad or (as noun) evil (natural or moral)

חוֹלָ֔ה3 of 10

a sore

H2470

properly, to be rubbed or worn; hence (figuratively) to stroke (in flattering), entreat

רָאִ֖יתִי4 of 10

which I have seen

H7200

to see, literally or figuratively (in numerous applications, direct and implied, transitive, intransitive and causative)

תַּ֣חַת5 of 10
H8478

the bottom (as depressed); only adverbially, below (often with prepositional prefix underneath), in lieu of, etc

הַשָּׁ֑מֶשׁ6 of 10

under the sun

H8121

the sun; by implication, the east; figuratively, a ray, i.e., (architectural) a notched battlement

עֹ֛שֶׁר7 of 10

namely riches

H6239

wealth

שָׁמ֥וּר8 of 10

kept

H8104

properly, to hedge about (as with thorns), i.e., guard; generally, to protect, attend to, etc

לִבְעָלָ֖יו9 of 10

for the owners

H1167

a master; hence, a husband, or (figuratively) owner (often used with another noun in modifications of this latter sense)

לְרָעָתֽוֹ׃10 of 10

evil

H7451

bad or (as noun) evil (natural or moral)


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Ecclesiastes. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Ecclesiastes 5:13 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Ecclesiastes 5:13 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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