King James Version

What Does Acts 2:5 Mean?

Acts 2:5 in the King James Version says “And there were dwelling at Jerusalem Jews, devout men, out of every nation under heaven.” — study this verse from Acts chapter 2 with commentary, cross-references, and original Greek word analysis.

“And there were dwelling at Jerusalem Jews, devout men, out of every nation under heaven.”

Acts 2:5 · King James Version


Context

3

And there appeared unto them cloven tongues like as of fire, and it sat upon each of them.

4

And they were all filled with the Holy Ghost, and began to speak with other tongues, as the Spirit gave them utterance.

5

And there were dwelling at Jerusalem Jews, devout men, out of every nation under heaven.

6

Now when this was noised abroad, the multitude came together, and were confounded, because that every man heard them speak in his own language. was: Gr. voice was made confounded: or, troubled in mind

7

And they were all amazed and marvelled, saying one to another , Behold, are not all these which speak Galilaeans?


Commentaries4 scholars

KJV Study CommentaryPublic Domain
The gathering of 'devout men, out of every nation under heaven' providentially prepared for Pentecost's universal significance. These diaspora Jews represented the scattered nations from Genesis 11's Babel judgment, now being reversed through the Spirit's gift of languages. God's sovereignty orchestrated this convergence, ensuring the gospel would immediately spread to all known regions through eyewitnesses of Christ's resurrection and the Spirit's descent.

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

Written circa AD 30 during the Feast of Pentecost (Shavuot), when diaspora Jews gathered in Jerusalem to celebrate the wheat harvest and commemorate the giving of the Law at Sinai. These 'God-fearers' from Parthia, Media, Rome, and beyond would return home as witnesses to Pentecost.

Reflection Questions

  1. How does God's providential gathering of diverse nations at Pentecost reflect His heart for global mission?
  2. What does the reversal of Babel's judgment teach about the gospel's power to unite diverse peoples?

Compare 4 commentaries from different scholars and time periods for a richer understanding.


Original Language Analysis

Greek · 15 words
Ἦσαν1 of 15

“there were”

G2258

i (thou, etc.) was (wast or were)

δὲ2 of 15

“And”

G1161

but, and, etc

ἐν3 of 15

“at”

G1722

"in," at, (up-)on, by, etc

Ἰερουσαλὴμ4 of 15

“Jerusalem”

G2419

hierusalem (i.e., jerushalem), the capitol of palestine

κατοικοῦντες5 of 15

“dwelling”

G2730

to house permanently, i.e., reside (literally or figuratively)

Ἰουδαῖοι6 of 15

“Jews”

G2453

judaean, i.e., belonging to jehudah

ἄνδρες7 of 15

“men”

G435

a man (properly as an individual male)

εὐλαβεῖς8 of 15

“devout”

G2126

taking well (carefully), i.e., circumspect (religiously, pious)

ἀπὸ9 of 15

“out of”

G575

"off," i.e., away (from something near), in various senses (of place, time, or relation; literal or figurative)

παντὸς10 of 15

“every”

G3956

all, any, every, the whole

ἔθνους11 of 15

“nation”

G1484

a race (as of the same habit), i.e., a tribe; specially, a foreign (non-jewish) one (usually, by implication, pagan)

τῶν12 of 15
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

ὑπὸ13 of 15

“under”

G5259

under, i.e., (with the genitive case) of place (beneath), or with verbs (the agency or means, through); (with the accusative case) of place (whither (

τὸν14 of 15
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

οὐρανόν15 of 15

“heaven”

G3772

the sky; by extension, heaven (as the abode of god); by implication, happiness, power, eternity; specially, the gospel (christianity)


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Acts. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Acts 2:5 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Acts 2:5 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

Places in This Verse

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