King James Version

What Does 1 Samuel 3:13 Mean?

1 Samuel 3:13 in the King James Version says “For I have told him that I will judge his house for ever for the iniquity which he knoweth; because his sons made themse... — study this verse from 1 Samuel chapter 3 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

For I have told him that I will judge his house for ever for the iniquity which he knoweth; because his sons made themselves vile, and he restrained them not. For I: or, And I will tell him vile: or, accursed restrained: Heb. frowned not upon them

1 Samuel 3:13 · KJV


Context

11

And the LORD said to Samuel, Behold, I will do a thing in Israel, at which both the ears of every one that heareth it shall tingle.

12

In that day I will perform against Eli all things which I have spoken concerning his house: when I begin, I will also make an end. when: Heb. beginning and ending

13

For I have told him that I will judge his house for ever for the iniquity which he knoweth; because his sons made themselves vile, and he restrained them not. For I: or, And I will tell him vile: or, accursed restrained: Heb. frowned not upon them

14

And therefore I have sworn unto the house of Eli, that the iniquity of Eli's house shall not be purged with sacrifice nor offering for ever.

15

And Samuel lay until the morning, and opened the doors of the house of the LORD. And Samuel feared to shew Eli the vision.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
The specific sin is restated: Eli knew his sons made themselves vile (cursed, treated with contempt) and 'restrained them not.' The Hebrew kahah (to rebuke, restrain) indicates the action Eli failed to take. He spoke (2:23-25) but did not act decisively. The sin requiring atonement is not merely the sons' wickedness but Eli's passive tolerance. His failure to exercise rightful authority constituted betrayal of both divine trust and parental responsibility. Those with power to restrain evil bear guilt when they fail to act.

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

Eli's failure represents a pattern seen in parental and leadership failures throughout Scripture. David's similar failure with Adonijah (1 Kings 1:6) followed the same pattern of knowing but not restraining. Authority carries responsibility to act.

Reflection Questions

  1. What is the difference between speaking against evil and actually restraining it?
  2. What areas of rightful authority are you failing to exercise?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 19 words
וְהִגַּ֣דְתִּי1 of 19

For I have told

H5046

properly, to front, i.e., stand boldly out opposite; by implication (causatively), to manifest; figuratively, to announce (always by word of mouth to

ל֔וֹ2 of 19
H0
כִּֽי3 of 19
H3588

(by implication) very widely used as a relative conjunction or adverb (as below); often largely modified by other particles annexed

שֹׁפֵ֥ט4 of 19

him that I will judge

H8199

to judge, i.e., pronounce sentence (for or against); by implication, to vindicate or punish; by extenssion, to govern; passively, to litigate (literal

אֲנִ֛י5 of 19
H589

i

אֶת6 of 19
H853

properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)

בֵּית֖וֹ7 of 19

his house

H1004

a house (in the greatest variation of applications, especially family, etc.)

עַד8 of 19

for

H5704

as far (or long, or much) as, whether of space (even unto) or time (during, while, until) or degree (equally with)

עוֹלָ֑ם9 of 19

ever

H5769

properly, concealed, i.e., the vanishing point; generally, time out of mind (past or future), i.e., (practically) eternity; frequentatively, adverbial

בַּֽעֲוֹ֣ן10 of 19

for the iniquity

H5771

perversity, i.e., (moral) evil

אֲשֶׁר11 of 19
H834

who, which, what, that; also (as an adverb and a conjunction) when, where, how, because, in order that, etc

יָדַ֗ע12 of 19

which he knoweth

H3045

to know (properly, to ascertain by seeing); used in a great variety of senses, figuratively, literally, euphemistically and inferentially (including o

כִּֽי13 of 19
H3588

(by implication) very widely used as a relative conjunction or adverb (as below); often largely modified by other particles annexed

מְקַלְלִ֤ים14 of 19

made themselves vile

H7043

to be (causatively, make) light, literally (swift, small, sharp, etc.) or figuratively (easy, trifling, vile, etc.)

לָהֶם֙15 of 19
H1992

they (only used when emphatic)

בָּנָ֔יו16 of 19

because his sons

H1121

a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or

וְלֹ֥א17 of 19
H3808

not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles

כִהָ֖ה18 of 19

and he restrained

H3543

to be weak, i.e., (figuratively) to despond (causatively, rebuke), or (of light, the eye) to grow dull

בָּֽם׃19 of 19
H0

Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of 1 Samuel. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

1 Samuel 3:13 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to 1 Samuel 3:13 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

Test Your Knowledge

Continue Your Study