King James Version

What Does 1 Corinthians 8:5 Mean?

1 Corinthians 8:5 in the King James Version says “For though there be that are called gods, whether in heaven or in earth, (as there be gods many, and lords many,) — study this verse from 1 Corinthians chapter 8 with commentary, cross-references, and original Greek word analysis.

For though there be that are called gods, whether in heaven or in earth, (as there be gods many, and lords many,)

1 Corinthians 8:5 · KJV


Context

3

But if any man love God, the same is known of him.

4

As concerning therefore the eating of those things that are offered in sacrifice unto idols, we know that an idol is nothing in the world, and that there is none other God but one.

5

For though there be that are called gods, whether in heaven or in earth, (as there be gods many, and lords many,)

6

But to us there is but one God, the Father, of whom are all things, and we in him; and one Lord Jesus Christ, by whom are all things, and we by him. in: or, for

7

Howbeit there is not in every man that knowledge: for some with conscience of the idol unto this hour eat it as a thing offered unto an idol; and their conscience being weak is defiled.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
For though there be that are called gods (εἴπερ εἰσὶν λεγόμενοι θεοί, eiper eisin legomenoi theoi, "if indeed there are so-called gods")—Paul acknowledges polytheism's ubiquity while denying its reality. The participle legomenoi ("called, so-called") is dismissive—these entities are titled gods but lack divine essence. The parenthetical as there be gods many, and lords many recognizes the Greco-Roman pantheon's vastness without conceding legitimacy.

Paul's distinction between theoi (gods) and kyrioi (lords) reflects pagan religious taxonomy—"gods" were supernatural beings, while "lords" could include deified emperors and patron deities. The phrase "whether in heaven or in earth" encompasses celestial and chthonic deities. Paul's rhetorical strategy grants the cultural phenomenon (gods exist as cultural constructs and demonic deceptions, cf. 10:20) while asserting theological reality: only one true God exists.

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Historical & Cultural Context

The Roman Empire's religious pluralism accommodated countless deities—Olympian gods, Eastern mystery religions (Isis, Mithras), imperial cult worship, and local patron gods. Each city had patron deities; Corinth honored Poseidon, Aphrodite, and Apollo prominently. Participation in civic religious festivals was expected, creating pressure on Christians to compromise. The phrase "lords many" likely includes emperor worship, increasingly mandatory in the first century.

Reflection Questions

  1. What modern "gods many and lords many" compete for ultimate allegiance in your life (money, success, politics, ideology)?
  2. How do you live distinctively Christian in a pluralistic culture that treats all religious claims as equally valid?
  3. Where are you tempted to compromise Christian exclusivity to avoid social ostracism?

Original Language Analysis

Greek · 20 words
καὶ1 of 20

and

G2532

and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words

γὰρ2 of 20

For

G1063

properly, assigning a reason (used in argument, explanation or intensification; often with other particles)

εἴπερ3 of 20

though

G1512

if perhaps

εἰσὶν4 of 20

there be

G1526

they are

λεγόμενοι5 of 20

that are called

G3004

properly, to "lay" forth, i.e., (figuratively) relate (in words (usually of systematic or set discourse; whereas g2036 and g5346 generally refer to an

θεοὶ6 of 20

gods

G2316

a deity, especially (with g3588) the supreme divinity; figuratively, a magistrate; exceedingly (by hebraism)

εἴτε7 of 20

or

G1535

if too

ἐν8 of 20

in

G1722

"in," at, (up-)on, by, etc

οὐρανῷ9 of 20

heaven

G3772

the sky; by extension, heaven (as the abode of god); by implication, happiness, power, eternity; specially, the gospel (christianity)

εἴτε10 of 20

or

G1535

if too

ἐπὶ11 of 20

in

G1909

properly, meaning superimposition (of time, place, order, etc.), as a relation of distribution (with the genitive case), i.e., over, upon, etc.; of re

τῆς12 of 20
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

γῆς13 of 20

earth

G1093

soil; by extension a region, or the solid part or the whole of the terrene globe (including the occupants in each application)

ὥσπερ14 of 20

(as

G5618

just as, i.e., exactly like

εἰσὶν15 of 20

there be

G1526

they are

θεοὶ16 of 20

gods

G2316

a deity, especially (with g3588) the supreme divinity; figuratively, a magistrate; exceedingly (by hebraism)

πολλοί17 of 20

many

G4183

(singular) much (in any respect) or (plural) many; neuter (singular) as adverbial, largely; neuter (plural) as adverb or noun often, mostly, largely

καὶ18 of 20

and

G2532

and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words

κύριοι19 of 20

lords

G2962

supreme in authority, i.e., (as noun) controller; by implication, master (as a respectful title)

πολλοί20 of 20

many

G4183

(singular) much (in any respect) or (plural) many; neuter (singular) as adverbial, largely; neuter (plural) as adverb or noun often, mostly, largely


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of 1 Corinthians. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

1 Corinthians 8:5 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to 1 Corinthians 8:5 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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