King James Version

What Does Proverbs 3:31 Mean?

Proverbs 3:31 in the King James Version says “Envy thou not the oppressor , and choose none of his ways. the oppressor: Heb. a man of violence — study this verse from Proverbs chapter 3 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

Envy thou not the oppressor , and choose none of his ways. the oppressor: Heb. a man of violence

Proverbs 3:31 · KJV


Context

29

Devise not evil against thy neighbour, seeing he dwelleth securely by thee. Devise: or, Practise no evil

30

Strive not with a man without cause, if he have done thee no harm.

31

Envy thou not the oppressor , and choose none of his ways. the oppressor: Heb. a man of violence

32

For the froward is abomination to the LORD: but his secret is with the righteous.

33

The curse of the LORD is in the house of the wicked: but he blesseth the habitation of the just.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
Do not envy the oppressor or choose any of his ways. Envy of the wicked arises when their prosperity and apparent success tempts admiration. Yet choosing their ways means adopting their values and methods, which lead to destruction. Psalm 73 addresses this temptation - envying the wicked until understanding their end. The command assumes tendency toward envy requiring active resistance through right theology.

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

Addresses perennial temptation when the wicked prosper and righteous suffer. Ancient Israel saw oppressors accumulate wealth and power, tempting covenant members to adopt unrighteous means to similar ends.

Reflection Questions

  1. Whose success tempts you to envy and consider compromising your convictions?
  2. How does contemplating the wicked's ultimate end help you resist envying their present prosperity?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 8 words
אַל1 of 8
H408

not (the qualified negation, used as a deprecative); once (job 24:25) as a noun, nothing

תְּ֭קַנֵּא2 of 8

Envy

H7065

to be (causatively, make) zealous, i.e., (in a bad sense) jealous or envious

בְּאִ֣ישׁ3 of 8

thou not the oppressor

H376

a man as an individual or a male person; often used as an adjunct to a more definite term (and in such cases frequently not expressed in translation)

חָמָ֑ס4 of 8
H2555

violence; by implication, wrong; by metonymy unjust gain

וְאַל5 of 8
H408

not (the qualified negation, used as a deprecative); once (job 24:25) as a noun, nothing

תִּ֝בְחַ֗ר6 of 8

and choose

H977

properly, to try, i.e., (by implication) select

בְּכָל7 of 8
H3605

properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense)

דְּרָכָֽיו׃8 of 8

none of his ways

H1870

a road (as trodden); figuratively, a course of life or mode of action, often adverb


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Proverbs. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Proverbs 3:31 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Proverbs 3:31 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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