King James Version

What Does Proverbs 13:1 Mean?

Proverbs 13:1 in the King James Version says “A wise son heareth his father's instruction: but a scorner heareth not rebuke. — study this verse from Proverbs chapter 13 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

A wise son heareth his father's instruction: but a scorner heareth not rebuke.

Proverbs 13:1 · KJV


Context

1

A wise son heareth his father's instruction: but a scorner heareth not rebuke.

2

A man shall eat good by the fruit of his mouth: but the soul of the transgressors shall eat violence.

3

He that keepeth his mouth keepeth his life: but he that openeth wide his lips shall have destruction.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
This proverb addresses responsiveness to parental instruction: 'A wise son heareth his father's instruction: but a scorner heareth not rebuke.' The wise son actively listens (shama—hears with intent to obey) to fatherly instruction (musar). This reflects the fifth commandment to honor parents (Exodus 20:12) and the wisdom tradition's emphasis on parental teaching (Proverbs 1:8, 6:20). The 'scorner' (lets—mocker, scoffer) represents one who treats wisdom with contempt. The statement 'heareth not rebuke' doesn't mean physical inability to hear but willful refusal to listen. Scorners actively resist correction, mocking those who offer it. This creates two trajectories: wise sons grow in wisdom through receptivity; scorners decline into folly through resistance.

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Historical & Cultural Context

Ancient Israelite society structured around patriarchal family units where fathers bore primary responsibility for teaching sons. Honoring parents and receiving their instruction was foundational to covenant faithfulness. Post-exilic Jewish tradition developed elaborate systems of rabbinic teaching building on this father-son pedagogical model. New Testament Christianity maintained this emphasis on honoring parents and receiving godly instruction.

Reflection Questions

  1. Do you actively listen to godly counsel from parents, spiritual mentors, or church leaders, or do you resist instruction you find uncomfortable?
  2. In what ways might you be acting like a 'scorner' who refuses rebuke rather than a wise son who heeds instruction?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 8 words
בֵּ֣ן1 of 8

son

H1121

a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or

חָ֭כָם2 of 8

A wise

H2450

wise, (i.e., intelligent, skilful or artful)

מ֣וּסַר3 of 8

instruction

H4148

properly, chastisement; figuratively, reproof, warning or instruction; also restraint

אָ֑ב4 of 8

heareth his father's

H1

father, in a literal and immediate, or figurative and remote application

וְ֝לֵ֗ץ5 of 8

but a scorner

H3887

properly, to make mouths at, i.e., to scoff; hence (from the effort to pronounce a foreign language) to interpret, or (generally) intercede

לֹא6 of 8
H3808

not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles

שָׁמַ֥ע7 of 8

heareth

H8085

to hear intelligently (often with implication of attention, obedience, etc.; causatively, to tell, etc.)

גְּעָרָֽה׃8 of 8

not rebuke

H1606

a chiding


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Proverbs. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Proverbs 13:1 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Proverbs 13:1 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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