King James Version

What Does Proverbs 15:20 Mean?

Proverbs 15:20 in the King James Version says “A wise son maketh a glad father: but a foolish man despiseth his mother. — study this verse from Proverbs chapter 15 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

A wise son maketh a glad father: but a foolish man despiseth his mother.

Proverbs 15:20 · KJV


Context

18

A wrathful man stirreth up strife: but he that is slow to anger appeaseth strife.

19

The way of the slothful man is as an hedge of thorns: but the way of the righteous is made plain. is made: Heb. is raised up as a causey

20

A wise son maketh a glad father: but a foolish man despiseth his mother.

21

Folly is joy to him that is destitute of wisdom: but a man of understanding walketh uprightly. destitute: Heb. void of heart

22

Without counsel purposes are disappointed: but in the multitude of counsellors they are established.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
A wise son maketh a glad father: but a foolish man despiseth his mother. This proverb echoes 10:1, emphasizing parental heartbreak or joy through children's character. Ben chakham yesammach-av (בֵּן חָכָם יְשַׂמַּח־אָב, a wise son gladdens father). Wisdom brings parental joy. Ukhesil adam bozeh immo (וּכְסִיל אָדָם בּוֹזֶה אִמּוֹ, but a foolish man despises his mother). Bazah (בָּזָה, despise, hold in contempt) shows active disrespect. Foolish children bring grief through scorning those who gave them life. The fifth commandment requires honoring parents (Exodus 20:12). Christ modeled this even from the cross (John 19:26-27).

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Historical & Cultural Context

Ancient Near Eastern cultures emphasized filial piety. Children who honored parents brought family honor; those who despised parents brought shame. Deuteronomy 21:18-21 prescribed death for persistently rebellious sons. Proverbs frequently addresses parent-child relationships, urging children toward wisdom that honors parents and glorifies God. Paul commands children to obey and honor parents (Ephesians 6:1-3).

Reflection Questions

  1. How does your life bring joy or grief to your parents (or parental figures)?
  2. In what ways might you be despising rather than honoring those God has placed in authority over you?
  3. How does wisdom in all areas of life constitute honoring parents by validating their instruction?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 8 words
בֵּ֣ן1 of 8

son

H1121

a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or

חָ֭כָם2 of 8

A wise

H2450

wise, (i.e., intelligent, skilful or artful)

יְשַׂמַּח3 of 8

maketh a glad

H8055

probably to brighten up, i.e., (figuratively) be (causatively, make) blithe or gleesome

אָ֑ב4 of 8

father

H1

father, in a literal and immediate, or figurative and remote application

וּכְסִ֥יל5 of 8

but a foolish

H3684

properly, fat, i.e., (figuratively) stupid or silly

אָ֝דָ֗ם6 of 8

man

H120

ruddy i.e., a human being (an individual or the species, mankind, etc.)

בּוֹזֶ֥ה7 of 8

despiseth

H959

to disesteem

אִמּֽוֹ׃8 of 8

his mother

H517

a mother (as the bond of the family); in a wide sense (both literally and figuratively [like father])


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Proverbs. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Proverbs 15:20 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Proverbs 15:20 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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