King James Version

What Does Philemon 1:19 Mean?

Philemon 1:19 in the King James Version says “I Paul have written it with mine own hand, I will repay it: albeit I do not say to thee how thou owest unto me even thin... — study this verse from Philemon chapter 1 with commentary, cross-references, and original Greek word analysis.

I Paul have written it with mine own hand, I will repay it: albeit I do not say to thee how thou owest unto me even thine own self besides.

Philemon 1:19 · KJV


Context

17

If thou count me therefore a partner, receive him as myself.

18

If he hath wronged thee, or oweth thee ought, put that on mine account;

19

I Paul have written it with mine own hand, I will repay it: albeit I do not say to thee how thou owest unto me even thine own self besides.

20

Yea, brother, let me have joy of thee in the Lord: refresh my bowels in the Lord.

21

Having confidence in thy obedience I wrote unto thee, knowing that thou wilt also do more than I say.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
I Paul have written it with mine own hand, I will repay it—ἐγὼ Παῦλος ἔγραψα τῇ ἐμῇ χειρί (egō Paulos egrapsa tē emē cheiri, I Paul wrote with my own hand) ἐγὼ ἀποτίσω (egō apotisō, I will repay)—double ἐγώ (egō, I) emphasizes personal guarantee. Most ancient letters used secretaries (amanuenses); Paul typically dictated, adding personal signature (1 Corinthians 16:21, Galatians 6:11, Colossians 4:18, 2 Thessalonians 3:17). Here the entire financial guarantee is Paul's handwriting, making it legally binding IOU.

ἀποτίνω (apotinō, repay/compensate) is legal term for damages. Albeit I do not say to thee how thou owest unto me even thine own self besides (ἵνα μὴ λέγω σοι ὅτι καὶ σεαυτόν μοι προσοφείλεις, hina mē legō soi hoti kai seauton moi prosopheileis)—brilliant rhetoric! Paul says "I won't mention..." while mentioning it. προσοφείλω (prosopheilō, owe in addition/owe besides) σεαυτόν (seauton, yourself)—Philemon owes Paul his very self, probably through Paul's evangelism (converting Philemon). The ultimate leverage: whatever Onesimus owes Philemon pales beside what Philemon owes Paul.

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Historical & Cultural Context

Paul likely evangelized Philemon during Ephesian ministry (Acts 19:10—"all who dwelt in Asia heard"). If Paul led Philemon to Christ, the spiritual debt was infinite—salvation itself. Ancient patronage culture understood such debts created lifelong obligation. Paul's reminder cancels Onesimus's material debt by appealing to Philemon's unpayable spiritual debt. The commercial metaphor (accounting, debts, repayment) serves theological reality: all owe unpayable debt to God, received only by grace.

Reflection Questions

  1. Do you remember the unpayable spiritual debt you owe to God and those who brought you the gospel?
  2. How should awareness of your infinite debt to God (paid by Christ) shape your forgiveness of others' finite debts to you?
  3. When has recognizing a deeper obligation changed your perspective on smaller grievances?

Original Language Analysis

Greek · 17 words
ἐγὼ1 of 17

I

G1473

i, me

Παῦλος2 of 17

Paul

G3972

(little; but remotely from a derivative of g3973, meaning the same); paulus, the name of a roman and of an apostle

ἔγραψα3 of 17

have written

G1125

to "grave", especially to write; figuratively, to describe

τῇ4 of 17
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

ἐμῇ5 of 17

it with mine own

G1699

my

χειρί,6 of 17

hand

G5495

the hand (literally or figuratively (power); especially (by hebraism) a means or instrument)

ἐγὼ7 of 17

I

G1473

i, me

ἀποτίσω·8 of 17

will repay

G661

to pay in full

ἵνα9 of 17
G2443

in order that (denoting the purpose or the result)

μὴ10 of 17
G3361

(adverb) not, (conjunction) lest; also (as an interrogative implying a negative answer (whereas g3756 expects an affirmative one)) whether

λέγω11 of 17

I do

G3004

properly, to "lay" forth, i.e., (figuratively) relate (in words (usually of systematic or set discourse; whereas g2036 and g5346 generally refer to an

σοι12 of 17

to thee

G4671

to thee

ὅτι13 of 17

how

G3754

demonstrative, that (sometimes redundant); causative, because

καὶ14 of 17

even

G2532

and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words

σεαυτόν15 of 17

thine own self

G4572

of (with, to) thyself

μοι16 of 17

unto me

G3427

to me

προσοφείλεις17 of 17

besides

G4359

to be indebted additionally


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Philemon. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Philemon 1:19 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Philemon 1:19 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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