King James Version

What Does Philemon 1:10 Mean?

Philemon 1:10 in the King James Version says “I beseech thee for my son Onesimus, whom I have begotten in my bonds: — study this verse from Philemon chapter 1 with commentary, cross-references, and original Greek word analysis.

I beseech thee for my son Onesimus, whom I have begotten in my bonds:

Philemon 1:10 · KJV


Context

8

Wherefore, though I might be much bold in Christ to enjoin thee that which is convenient,

9

Yet for love's sake I rather beseech thee, being such an one as Paul the aged, and now also a prisoner of Jesus Christ.

10

I beseech thee for my son Onesimus, whom I have begotten in my bonds:

11

Which in time past was to thee unprofitable, but now profitable to thee and to me:

12

Whom I have sent again: thou therefore receive him, that is, mine own bowels:


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
I beseech thee for my son Onesimus—παρακαλῶ σε περὶ τοῦ ἐμοῦ τέκνου Ὀνησίμου (parakalō se peri tou emou teknou Onēsimou, I appeal to you concerning my child Onesimus). τέκνον (teknon, child/son) indicates spiritual parentage—Paul led Onesimus to faith. Ὀνήσιμος (Onēsimos, Onesimus—name means "useful/profitable," v. 11 plays on this). Paul delays naming Onesimus until verse 10, building suspense. Readers would recognize the irony: Paul, prisoner, advocates for the fugitive slave who reached him in Rome.

Whom I have begotten in my bonds (ὃν ἐγέννησα ἐν τοῖς δεσμοῖς, hon egennēsa en tois desmois)—γεννάω (gennaō, beget/give birth) describes spiritual regeneration (1 Corinthians 4:15, Galatians 4:19). ἐν τοῖς δεσμοῖς (en tois desmois, in bonds/chains)—Paul's imprisonment became evangelistic opportunity. Onesimus, fleeing Philemon, providentially encountered Paul, heard the gospel, believed. God's sovereignty orchestrated the runaway slave's conversion through the imprisoned apostle.

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

Runaway slaves faced crucifixion, branding, or return to harsh masters (Roman law was brutal). Onesimus's route to Rome isn't explained—perhaps he stole money (v. 18) to fund travel, seeking the urban anonymity of empire's capital. His encounter with Paul shows God's providence: the very apostle who'd evangelized his master (v. 19) now converts the slave. Paul's Roman imprisonment (Acts 28:30) allowed visitors, enabling Onesimus's access.

Reflection Questions

  1. How does God use your difficult circumstances (like Paul's imprisonment) for gospel advance and others' salvation?
  2. Who are your spiritual children "begotten" through your gospel witness, and how do you continue discipling them?
  3. Do you view interruptions and inconveniences as divine appointments or annoying disruptions?

Original Language Analysis

Greek · 13 words
παρακαλῶ1 of 13

I beseech

G3870

to call near, i.e., invite, invoke (by imploration, hortation or consolation)

σε2 of 13

thee

G4571

thee

περὶ3 of 13

for

G4012

properly, through (all over), i.e., around; figuratively with respect to; used in various applications, of place, cause or time (with the genitive cas

τοῦ4 of 13
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

ἐμοῦ5 of 13
G1700

of me

τέκνου6 of 13

son

G5043

a child (as produced)

ὃν7 of 13

whom

G3739

the relatively (sometimes demonstrative) pronoun, who, which, what, that

ἐγέννησα8 of 13

I have begotten

G1080

to procreate (properly, of the father, but by extension of the mother); figuratively, to regenerate

ἐν9 of 13

in

G1722

"in," at, (up-)on, by, etc

τοῖς10 of 13
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

δεσμοῖς11 of 13

bonds

G1199

a band, i.e., ligament (of the body) or shackle (of a prisoner); figuratively, an impediment or disability

μου,12 of 13

my

G3450

of me

Ὀνήσιμον13 of 13

Onesimus

G3682

profitable; onesimus, a christian


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Philemon. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Philemon 1:10 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Philemon 1:10 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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