King James Version

What Does Matthew 21:20 Mean?

Matthew 21:20 in the King James Version says “And when the disciples saw it, they marvelled, saying, How soon is the fig tree withered away! — study this verse from Matthew chapter 21 with commentary, cross-references, and original Greek word analysis.

And when the disciples saw it, they marvelled, saying, How soon is the fig tree withered away!

Matthew 21:20 · KJV


Context

18

Now in the morning as he returned into the city, he hungered.

19

And when he saw a fig tree in the way, he came to it, and found nothing thereon , but leaves only, and said unto it, Let no fruit grow on thee henceforward for ever. And presently the fig tree withered away. a fig tree: Gr. one fig tree

20

And when the disciples saw it, they marvelled, saying, How soon is the fig tree withered away!

21

Jesus answered and said unto them, Verily I say unto you, If ye have faith, and doubt not, ye shall not only do this which is done to the fig tree, but also if ye shall say unto this mountain, Be thou removed, and be thou cast into the sea; it shall be done.

22

And all things, whatsoever ye shall ask in prayer, believing, ye shall receive.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
When the disciples saw it, they marvelled, saying, How soon is the fig tree withered away!—The Greek ἐθαύμασαν (ethaumasan, 'marveled') shows astonishment at the speed: How soon (πῶς παραχρῆμα, pōs parachrēma)—immediately, not gradually. The disciples focused on the miracle's timing, missing Jesus's symbolic judgment on Israel's fruitless religion.

Their amazement prepared them for Jesus's teaching on faith (v.21-22). What stunned them—instantaneous withering—illustrates both faith's power and unbelief's consequence. The fig tree represented Israel's outward religion without righteousness (Luke 13:6-9), now judged in Jesus's prophetic act.

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Historical & Cultural Context

Fig trees symbolized Israel's covenant relationship with God (Jer 8:13, Hos 9:10). A leafy tree promised fruit even out of season—finding none demonstrated barrenness. Jesus cursed it Monday morning; by Tuesday morning it was completely dead, an impossible natural timeframe pointing to divine judgment.

Reflection Questions

  1. What 'leaves without fruit'—outward religious activity without genuine spiritual life—might Jesus identify in your walk?
  2. When you witness God's power, do you marvel at the spectacle or learn the spiritual lesson?

Original Language Analysis

Greek · 11 words
καὶ1 of 11

And

G2532

and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words

ἰδόντες2 of 11

saw

G1492

used only in certain past tenses, the others being borrowed from the equivalent g3700 and g3708; properly, to see (literally or figuratively); by impl

οἱ3 of 11
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

μαθηταὶ4 of 11

when the disciples

G3101

a learner, i.e., pupil

ἐθαύμασαν5 of 11

it they marvelled

G2296

to wonder; by implication, to admire

λέγοντες6 of 11

saying

G3004

properly, to "lay" forth, i.e., (figuratively) relate (in words (usually of systematic or set discourse; whereas g2036 and g5346 generally refer to an

Πῶς7 of 11

How

G4459

an interrogative particle of manner; in what way? (sometimes the question is indirect, how?); also as exclamation, how much!

παραχρῆμα8 of 11

soon

G3916

at the thing itself, i.e., instantly

ἐξηράνθη9 of 11

withered away

G3583

to desiccate; by implication, to shrivel, to mature

10 of 11
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

συκῆ11 of 11

is the fig tree

G4808

a fig-tree


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Matthew. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Matthew 21:20 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Matthew 21:20 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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