King James Version

What Does Matthew 1:19 Mean?

Matthew 1:19 in the King James Version says “Then Joseph her husband, being a just man, and not willing to make her a publick example, was minded to put her away pri... — study this verse from Matthew chapter 1 with commentary, cross-references, and original Greek word analysis.

Then Joseph her husband, being a just man, and not willing to make her a publick example, was minded to put her away privily.

Matthew 1:19 · KJV


Context

17

So all the generations from Abraham to David are fourteen generations; and from David until the carrying away into Babylon are fourteen generations; and from the carrying away into Babylon unto Christ are fourteen generations.

18

Now the birth of Jesus Christ was on this wise: When as his mother Mary was espoused to Joseph, before they came together, she was found with child of the Holy Ghost.

19

Then Joseph her husband, being a just man, and not willing to make her a publick example, was minded to put her away privily.

20

But while he thought on these things, behold, the angel of the Lord appeared unto him in a dream, saying, Joseph, thou son of David, fear not to take unto thee Mary thy wife: for that which is conceived in her is of the Holy Ghost. conceived: Gr. begotten

21

And she shall bring forth a son, and thou shalt call his name JESUS: for he shall save his people from their sins. JESUS: that is, Saviour, Heb


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
Joseph's righteousness is seen in his desire to protect Mary from public shame rather than making a spectacle of her perceived adultery. The phrase 'not willing to make her a public example' reveals covenant love (hesed) and mercy. His righteousness was not cold legalism but grace-filled obedience, foreshadowing the gospel principle that true righteousness flows from a transformed heart.

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

In first-century Judaism, betrothal was legally binding and could only be dissolved through divorce. Adultery during betrothal was punishable by stoning under Mosaic law, though Roman occupation may have limited this practice.

Reflection Questions

  1. How does Joseph's response demonstrate that true righteousness includes both justice and mercy?
  2. What does this teach about protecting the reputation and dignity of others, even when they appear guilty?

Original Language Analysis

Greek · 16 words
Ἰωσὴφ1 of 16

Joseph

G2501

joseph, the name of seven israelites

δὲ2 of 16

Then

G1161

but, and, etc

3 of 16
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

ἀνὴρ4 of 16

husband

G435

a man (properly as an individual male)

αὐτήν5 of 16

her

G846

the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons

δίκαιος6 of 16

a just

G1342

equitable (in character or act); by implication, innocent, holy (absolutely or relatively)

ὢν7 of 16

being

G5607

being

καὶ8 of 16

man and

G2532

and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words

μὴ9 of 16

not

G3361

(adverb) not, (conjunction) lest; also (as an interrogative implying a negative answer (whereas g3756 expects an affirmative one)) whether

θέλων10 of 16

willing

G2309

to determine (as an active option from subjective impulse; whereas g1014 properly denotes rather a passive acquiescence in objective considerations),

αὐτήν11 of 16

her

G846

the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons

παραδειγματίσαι,12 of 16

a publick example

G3856

to show alongside (the public), i.e., expose to infamy

ἐβουλήθη13 of 16

was minded

G1014

to "will," i.e., (reflexively) be willing

λάθρᾳ14 of 16

privily

G2977

privately

ἀπολῦσαι15 of 16

away

G630

to free fully, i.e., (literally) relieve, release, dismiss (reflexively, depart), or (figuratively) let die, pardon or (specially) divorce

αὐτήν16 of 16

her

G846

the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Matthew. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Matthew 1:19 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Matthew 1:19 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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