King James Version

What Does Luke 13:20 Mean?

Luke 13:20 in the King James Version says “And again he said, Whereunto shall I liken the kingdom of God? — study this verse from Luke chapter 13 with commentary, cross-references, and original Greek word analysis.

And again he said, Whereunto shall I liken the kingdom of God?

Luke 13:20 · KJV


Context

18

Then said he, Unto what is the kingdom of God like? and whereunto shall I resemble it?

19

It is like a grain of mustard seed, which a man took, and cast into his garden; and it grew, and waxed a great tree; and the fowls of the air lodged in the branches of it.

20

And again he said, Whereunto shall I liken the kingdom of God?

21

It is like leaven, which a woman took and hid in three measures of meal, till the whole was leavened.

22

And he went through the cities and villages, teaching, and journeying toward Jerusalem.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
And again he said, Whereunto shall I liken the kingdom of God? This brief rhetorical question introduces the second kingdom parable in this section. The phrase "and again" (πάλιν, palin) indicates Jesus immediately offers another comparison, suggesting that no single parable exhausts the kingdom's richness—multiple perspectives illuminate different facets of the same reality.

The question "Whereunto shall I liken...?" (Τίνι ὁμοιώσω...; Tini homoiōsō...?) engages hearers, inviting active participation rather than passive listening. Jesus' pedagogical method involves questions, parables, and illustrations drawn from everyday life—making profound theological truths accessible through concrete imagery. This approach reveals divine wisdom: eternal realities communicated through temporal analogies, heavenly truths illustrated by earthly stories.

The emphasis on likenesses reveals both the necessity and limitation of human language about divine realities. The kingdom of God transcends human categories, yet God graciously accommodates our understanding by using familiar images—seeds, yeast, vineyards, banquets. Each parable captures one aspect; collectively they reveal the kingdom's multifaceted nature.

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Historical & Cultural Context

Rabbinic teaching frequently employed parables (mashalim) to illustrate Torah principles. Jesus followed this tradition but with unique authority—His parables didn't merely illustrate existing truth but revealed new kingdom realities. The dual parables here (mustard seed and leaven) form a pair, a common rabbinic technique using parallel illustrations to reinforce a principle. Both depict something small transforming into something large, emphasizing the kingdom's irresistible growth despite humble origins.

Reflection Questions

  1. Why does Jesus use multiple parables to describe the kingdom rather than a single exhaustive explanation?
  2. What does Jesus' use of common, everyday images teach about God's desire to make Himself known?
  3. How does the rhetorical question invite hearers into active engagement with the truth rather than passive reception?

Original Language Analysis

Greek · 9 words
Καὶ1 of 9

And

G2532

and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words

πάλιν2 of 9

again

G3825

(adverbially) anew, i.e., (of place) back, (of time) once more, or (conjunctionally) furthermore or on the other hand

εἶπεν3 of 9

he said

G2036

to speak or say (by word or writing)

Τίνι4 of 9

Whereunto

G5101

an interrogative pronoun, who, which or what (in direct or indirect questions)

ὁμοιώσω5 of 9

shall I liken

G3666

to assimilate, i.e., compare; passively, to become similar

τὴν6 of 9
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

βασιλείαν7 of 9

the kingdom

G932

properly, royalty, i.e., (abstractly) rule, or (concretely) a realm (literally or figuratively)

τοῦ8 of 9
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

θεοῦ9 of 9

of God

G2316

a deity, especially (with g3588) the supreme divinity; figuratively, a magistrate; exceedingly (by hebraism)


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Luke. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Luke 13:20 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

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