King James Version

What Does Luke 13:18 Mean?

Luke 13:18 in the King James Version says “Then said he, Unto what is the kingdom of God like? and whereunto shall I resemble it? — study this verse from Luke chapter 13 with commentary, cross-references, and original Greek word analysis.

Then said he, Unto what is the kingdom of God like? and whereunto shall I resemble it?

Luke 13:18 · KJV


Context

16

And ought not this woman, being a daughter of Abraham, whom Satan hath bound, lo, these eighteen years, be loosed from this bond on the sabbath day?

17

And when he had said these things, all his adversaries were ashamed: and all the people rejoiced for all the glorious things that were done by him.

18

Then said he, Unto what is the kingdom of God like? and whereunto shall I resemble it?

19

It is like a grain of mustard seed, which a man took, and cast into his garden; and it grew, and waxed a great tree; and the fowls of the air lodged in the branches of it.

20

And again he said, Whereunto shall I liken the kingdom of God?


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
Jesus asks: 'Unto what is the kingdom of God like? and whereunto shall I resemble it?' (τίνι ὁμοία ἐστὶν ἡ βασιλεία τοῦ θεοῦ, καὶ τίνι ὁμοιώσω αὐτήν;). The double question emphasizes the challenge of explaining God's kingdom to earthly minds. The mustard seed parable (vv.18-19) illustrates how God's kingdom begins small but grows expansive—from Jesus and twelve disciples to worldwide church. The leaven parable (vv.20-21) shows the kingdom's permeating influence—small beginning, total transformation. Both parables counter expectations of immediate, visible messianic kingdom, teaching gradual, organic growth through gospel proclamation.

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Historical & Cultural Context

First-century Jews expected dramatic messianic intervention—military victory, restored Davidic throne, Gentile subjugation. Jesus' parables redefined kingdom expectations: not instant conquest but gradual growth, not external force but internal transformation. The mustard seed (smallest cultivated seed in Palestine) growing into a tree large enough for birds to nest illustrates disproportionate growth from humble origins. Leaven (normally a symbol of corruption in Scripture) here represents gospel's transformative power working invisibly but comprehensively through society.

Reflection Questions

  1. How do these parables correct impatience about the pace of God's kingdom advancement?
  2. What comfort and challenge do these images of gradual growth offer to Christians engaged in long-term gospel ministry?

Original Language Analysis

Greek · 13 words
Ἔλεγεν1 of 13

said he

G3004

properly, to "lay" forth, i.e., (figuratively) relate (in words (usually of systematic or set discourse; whereas g2036 and g5346 generally refer to an

δὲ,2 of 13

Then

G1161

but, and, etc

τίνι3 of 13

Unto what

G5101

an interrogative pronoun, who, which or what (in direct or indirect questions)

ὁμοία4 of 13

like

G3664

similar (in appearance or character)

ἐστὶν5 of 13

is

G2076

he (she or it) is; also (with neuter plural) they are

6 of 13
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

βασιλεία7 of 13

the kingdom

G932

properly, royalty, i.e., (abstractly) rule, or (concretely) a realm (literally or figuratively)

τοῦ8 of 13
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

θεοῦ9 of 13

of God

G2316

a deity, especially (with g3588) the supreme divinity; figuratively, a magistrate; exceedingly (by hebraism)

καὶ10 of 13

and

G2532

and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words

τίνι11 of 13

Unto what

G5101

an interrogative pronoun, who, which or what (in direct or indirect questions)

ὁμοιώσω12 of 13

shall I resemble

G3666

to assimilate, i.e., compare; passively, to become similar

αὐτήν13 of 13

it

G846

the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Luke. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Luke 13:18 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Luke 13:18 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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