King James Version

What Does Luke 11:22 Mean?

Luke 11:22 in the King James Version says “But when a stronger than he shall come upon him, and overcome him, he taketh from him all his armour wherein he trusted,... — study this verse from Luke chapter 11 with commentary, cross-references, and original Greek word analysis.

But when a stronger than he shall come upon him, and overcome him, he taketh from him all his armour wherein he trusted, and divideth his spoils.

Luke 11:22 · KJV


Context

20

But if I with the finger of God cast out devils, no doubt the kingdom of God is come upon you.

21

When a strong man armed keepeth his palace, his goods are in peace:

22

But when a stronger than he shall come upon him, and overcome him, he taketh from him all his armour wherein he trusted, and divideth his spoils.

23

He that is not with me is against me: and he that gathereth not with me scattereth.

24

When the unclean spirit is gone out of a man, he walketh through dry places, seeking rest; and finding none, he saith, I will return unto my house whence I came out.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
But when a stronger than he shall come upon him, and overcome him, he taketh from him all his armour wherein he trusted, and divideth his spoils. This verse depicts Christ's victory over Satan through vivid military imagery. The phrase "a stronger than he" (ἰσχυρότερος αὐτοῦ, ischyroteros autou, comparative adjective) refers to Jesus, whose power infinitely exceeds Satan's. The verb "overcome" (νικήσῃ, nikēsē, aorist subjunctive) means to conquer, defeat utterly—complete victory, not stalemate.

The result is total despoiling: the stronger one "taketh from him all his armour" (τὴν πανοπλίαν αὐτοῦ αἴρει, tēn panoplian autou airei)—the full armor (πανοπλία, panoplia) in which Satan trusted is stripped away, leaving him defenseless. Then He "divideth his spoils" (τὰ σκῦλα αὐτοῦ διαδίδωσιν, ta skula autou diadidōsin)—distributes the plunder, liberating Satan's captives. This portrays redemption as conquest: Christ invades enemy territory, defeats the tyrant, and emancipates prisoners. Colossians 2:15 uses identical imagery: Christ 'spoiled principalities and powers, making a shew of them openly, triumphing over them.' Every exorcism is a foretaste of Satan's final defeat (Revelation 20:10).

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Historical & Cultural Context

The parable reflects ancient Near Eastern warfare where victorious armies stripped conquered enemies of weapons and distributed spoils to victors. The imagery echoes Isaiah 49:24-25: 'Shall the prey be taken from the mighty, or the lawful captive delivered? But thus saith the LORD, Even the captives of the mighty shall be taken away... and I will save thy children.' Jesus presents Himself as the fulfillment of this prophecy—the Divine Warrior who liberates captives from the 'strong man.' Early Christians understood salvation as liberation from slavery to sin and Satan (Romans 6:17-18, Hebrews 2:14-15).

Reflection Questions

  1. How does understanding salvation as Christ's military conquest of Satan deepen appreciation for the costliness of redemption?
  2. What does the 'dividing of spoils' (liberated captives) teach about evangelism and discipleship as distributing the fruits of Christ's victory?
  3. In what ways does this imagery of total spoiling challenge contemporary views that Satan retains significant power over believers?

Original Language Analysis

Greek · 20 words
ἐπὰν1 of 20

when

G1875

a particle of indefinite contemporaneousness; whenever, as soon as

δὲ2 of 20

But

G1161

but, and, etc

3 of 20
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

ἰσχυρότερος4 of 20

a stronger

G2478

forcible (literally or figuratively)

αὐτοῦ5 of 20

from him

G846

the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons

ἐπελθὼν6 of 20

shall come upon him

G1904

to supervene, i.e., arrive, occur, impend, attack, (figuratively) influence

νικήσῃ7 of 20

and overcome

G3528

to subdue (literally or figuratively)

αὐτοῦ8 of 20

from him

G846

the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons

τὴν9 of 20
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

πανοπλίαν10 of 20

all his armour

G3833

full armor ("panoply")

αὐτοῦ11 of 20

from him

G846

the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons

αἴρει12 of 20

he taketh

G142

to lift up; by implication, to take up or away; figuratively, to raise (the voice), keep in suspense (the mind), specially, to sail away (i.e., weigh

ἐφ'13 of 20

wherein

G1909

properly, meaning superimposition (of time, place, order, etc.), as a relation of distribution (with the genitive case), i.e., over, upon, etc.; of re

14 of 20
G3739

the relatively (sometimes demonstrative) pronoun, who, which, what, that

ἐπεποίθει15 of 20

he trusted

G3982

to convince (by argument, true or false); by analogy, to pacify or conciliate (by other fair means); reflexively or passively, to assent (to evidence

καὶ16 of 20

and

G2532

and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words

τὰ17 of 20
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

σκῦλα18 of 20

spoils

G4661

something stripped (as a hide), i.e., booty

αὐτοῦ19 of 20

from him

G846

the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons

διαδίδωσιν20 of 20

divideth

G1239

to give throughout a crowd, i.e., deal out; also to deliver over (as to a successor)


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Luke. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Luke 11:22 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Luke 11:22 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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