King James Version

What Does Job 24:18 Mean?

Job 24:18 in the King James Version says “He is swift as the waters ; their portion is cursed in the earth: he beholdeth not the way of the vineyards. — study this verse from Job chapter 24 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

He is swift as the waters ; their portion is cursed in the earth: he beholdeth not the way of the vineyards.

Job 24:18 · KJV


Context

16

In the dark they dig through houses, which they had marked for themselves in the daytime: they know not the light.

17

For the morning is to them even as the shadow of death: if one know them, they are in the terrors of the shadow of death.

18

He is swift as the waters ; their portion is cursed in the earth: he beholdeth not the way of the vineyards.

19

Drought and heat consume the snow waters: so doth the grave those which have sinned. consume: Heb. violently take

20

The womb shall forget him; the worm shall feed sweetly on him; he shall be no more remembered; and wickedness shall be broken as a tree.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
He is swift as the waters—Scholarly debate surrounds verses 18-24: is Job describing the wicked's deserved judgment (shifting to his friends' retribution theology), or citing their arguments sarcastically? The Hebrew qal-hu al-pene mayim (קַל־הוּא עַל־פְּנֵי־מַיִם) depicts something light/swift upon water's surface—either fleeting prosperity or swift judgment sweeping away like a flash flood. Context suggests Job may be quoting conventional wisdom about inevitable divine retribution.

Their portion is cursed in the earth: he beholdeth not the way of the vineyards—The "portion" (chelqah, חֶלְקָה) refers to inherited land, fundamental to Ancient Near Eastern identity and prosperity. If cursed, the wicked cannot enjoy agricultural blessing ("the way of the vineyards"). This echoes Deuteronomy 28's covenant curses. Yet Job's broader argument in chapter 24 contradicts this—he's observed the wicked prospering, not cursed. This creates interpretive tension: does Job momentarily concede divine justice operates (though invisibly), or is he sarcastically rehearsing platitudes his friends repeat?

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

Verses 18-24 shift tone dramatically from verses 1-17, creating scholarly debate. Some interpreters see Job quoting his friends' retribution theology to refute it; others see Job acknowledging that judgment eventually comes, though delayed. The vineyard imagery reflects agricultural economy where land inheritance signified covenant blessing (Numbers 36:7-9).

Reflection Questions

  1. How do you reconcile Job's observation that the wicked prosper (vv. 1-17) with traditional teaching that God judges sin?
  2. What does 'their portion is cursed' teach about the ultimate futility of prosperity gained through wickedness?
  3. How patient should we be in waiting for God's justice to manifest against evildoers?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 12 words
קַֽל1 of 12

He is swift

H7031

light; (by implication) rapid (also adverbial)

ה֤וּא׀2 of 12
H1931

he (she or it); only expressed when emphatic or without a verb; also (intensively) self, or (especially with the article) the same; sometimes (as demo

עַל3 of 12
H5921

above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications

פְּנֵי4 of 12

as the waters

H6440

the face (as the part that turns); used in a great variety of applications (literally and figuratively); also (with prepositional prefix) as a preposi

מַ֗יִם5 of 12
H4325

water; figuratively, juice; by euphemism, urine, semen

תְּקֻלַּ֣ל6 of 12

is cursed

H7043

to be (causatively, make) light, literally (swift, small, sharp, etc.) or figuratively (easy, trifling, vile, etc.)

חֶלְקָתָ֣ם7 of 12

their portion

H2513

properly, smoothness; figuratively, flattery

בָּאָ֑רֶץ8 of 12

in the earth

H776

the earth (at large, or partitively a land)

לֹֽא9 of 12
H3808

not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles

יִ֝פְנֶה10 of 12

he beholdeth

H6437

to turn; by implication, to face, i.e., appear, look, etc

דֶּ֣רֶךְ11 of 12

not the way

H1870

a road (as trodden); figuratively, a course of life or mode of action, often adverb

כְּרָמִֽים׃12 of 12

of the vineyards

H3754

a garden or vineyard


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Job. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Job 24:18 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Job 24:18 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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