King James Version

What Does Job 20:23 Mean?

Job 20:23 in the King James Version says “When he is about to fill his belly, God shall cast the fury of his wrath upon him, and shall rain it upon him while he i... — study this verse from Job chapter 20 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

When he is about to fill his belly, God shall cast the fury of his wrath upon him, and shall rain it upon him while he is eating.

Job 20:23 · KJV


Context

21

There shall none of his meat be left; therefore shall no man look for his goods. none: or, be none left for his meat

22

In the fulness of his sufficiency he shall be in straits: every hand of the wicked shall come upon him. wicked: or, troublesome

23

When he is about to fill his belly, God shall cast the fury of his wrath upon him, and shall rain it upon him while he is eating.

24

He shall flee from the iron weapon, and the bow of steel shall strike him through.

25

It is drawn, and cometh out of the body; yea, the glittering sword cometh out of his gall: terrors are upon him.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
'When he is about to fill his belly, God shall cast the fury of his wrath upon him, and shall rain it upon him while he is eating.' Zophar describes judgment striking during eating: filling 'belly' (בִּטְנוֹ, bitno), God casts 'fury of wrath' (חֲרוֹן אַפּוֹ, charon apo) and 'rains it' (יַמְטֵר, yamter) while eating (בִּלְחוּמוֹ, bilchumo). The image: divine wrath interrupting consumption. This reflects sudden judgment in the midst of prosperity (Luke 12:20). Theologically sound: God can judge anytime. Applied to Job: suggests Job was struck down while greedily consuming. But Job's loss came through Satan's attacks permitted by God for testing, not judgment on gluttony. Zophar consistently mistakes testing for judgment. The Reformed distinction between trial and judgment is crucial.

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Historical & Cultural Context

Judgment striking during feasting appeared in ancient literature (Daniel 5—Belshazzar's feast). Zophar uses this motif to suggest Job's catastrophe interrupted his greedy consumption.

Reflection Questions

  1. How do we distinguish between testing and judgment when both involve suffering?
  2. What prevents us from mistaking God's testing for His wrath?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 10 words
יְהִ֤י׀1 of 10
H1961

to exist, i.e., be or become, come to pass (always emphatic, and not a mere copula or auxiliary)

לְמַלֵּ֬א2 of 10

When he is about to fill

H4390

to fill or (intransitively) be full of, in a wide application (literally and figuratively)

בִטְנ֗וֹ3 of 10

his belly

H990

the belly, especially the womb; also the bosom or body of anything

יְֽשַׁלַּח4 of 10

God shall cast

H7971

to send away, for, or out (in a great variety of applications)

בּ֭וֹ5 of 10
H0
חֲר֣וֹן6 of 10

the fury

H2740

a burning of anger

אַפּ֑וֹ7 of 10

of his wrath

H639

properly, the nose or nostril; hence, the face, and occasionally a person; also (from the rapid breathing in passion) ire

וְיַמְטֵ֥ר8 of 10

upon him and shall rain

H4305

to rain

עָ֝לֵ֗ימוֹ9 of 10
H5921

above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications

בִּלְחוּמֽוֹ׃10 of 10

it upon him while he is eating

H3894

properly, eaten, i.e., food; also flesh, i.e., body


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Job. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Job 20:23 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Job 20:23 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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