King James Version

What Does Isaiah 63:10 Mean?

Isaiah 63:10 in the King James Version says “But they rebelled, and vexed his holy Spirit: therefore he was turned to be their enemy, and he fought against them. — study this verse from Isaiah chapter 63 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

But they rebelled, and vexed his holy Spirit: therefore he was turned to be their enemy, and he fought against them.

Isaiah 63:10 · KJV


Context

8

For he said, Surely they are my people, children that will not lie: so he was their Saviour.

9

In all their affliction he was afflicted, and the angel of his presence saved them: in his love and in his pity he redeemed them; and he bare them, and carried them all the days of old.

10

But they rebelled, and vexed his holy Spirit: therefore he was turned to be their enemy, and he fought against them.

11

Then he remembered the days of old, Moses, and his people, saying, Where is he that brought them up out of the sea with the shepherd of his flock? where is he that put his holy Spirit within him? shepherd: or, shepherds

12

That led them by the right hand of Moses with his glorious arm, dividing the water before them, to make himself an everlasting name?


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
'But they rebelled, and vexed his holy Spirit: therefore he was turned to be their enemy, and he fought against them.' The tender passage turns to tragedy. They 'vexed' (atsab - grieved, pained) God's Holy Spirit. This produces the shocking reversal: God becomes their enemy. Ephesians 4:30 echoes: 'grieve not the holy Spirit of God.'

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

This records the pattern of Judges and Kings - covenant rebellion provoking divine discipline. The Holy Spirit's personal nature appears clearly; He can be grieved.

Reflection Questions

  1. How can believers 'grieve' the Holy Spirit today?
  2. What does it mean that persistent rebellion turns God into an opponent?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 12 words
וְהֵ֛מָּה1 of 12
H1992

they (only used when emphatic)

מָר֥וּ2 of 12

But they rebelled

H4784

to be (causatively, make) bitter (or unpleasant); (figuratively) to rebel (or resist; causatively, to provoke)

וְעִצְּב֖וּ3 of 12

and vexed

H6087

properly, to carve, i.e., fabricate or fashion

אֶת4 of 12
H853

properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)

ר֣וּחַ5 of 12

Spirit

H7307

wind; by resemblance breath, i.e., a sensible (or even violent) exhalation; figuratively, life, anger, unsubstantiality; by extension, a region of the

קָדְשׁ֑וֹ6 of 12

his holy

H6944

a sacred place or thing; rarely abstract, sanctity

וַיֵּהָפֵ֥ךְ7 of 12

therefore he was turned

H2015

to turn about or over; by implication, to change, overturn, return, pervert

לָהֶ֛ם8 of 12
H0
לְאוֹיֵ֖ב9 of 12

to be their enemy

H341

hating; an adversary

ה֥וּא10 of 12
H1931

he (she or it); only expressed when emphatic or without a verb; also (intensively) self, or (especially with the article) the same; sometimes (as demo

נִלְחַם11 of 12

and he fought

H3898

to feed on; figuratively, to consume

בָּֽם׃12 of 12
H0

Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Isaiah. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Isaiah 63:10 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Isaiah 63:10 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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