King James Version

What Does Psalms 78:56 Mean?

Psalms 78:56 in the King James Version says “Yet they tempted and provoked the most high God, and kept not his testimonies: — study this verse from Psalms chapter 78 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

Yet they tempted and provoked the most high God, and kept not his testimonies:

Psalms 78:56 · KJV


Context

54

And he brought them to the border of his sanctuary, even to this mountain, which his right hand had purchased.

55

He cast out the heathen also before them, and divided them an inheritance by line, and made the tribes of Israel to dwell in their tents.

56

Yet they tempted and provoked the most high God, and kept not his testimonies:

57

But turned back, and dealt unfaithfully like their fathers: they were turned aside like a deceitful bow.

58

For they provoked him to anger with their high places, and moved him to jealousy with their graven images.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
Yet they tempted and provoked the most high God, and kept not his testimonies. The devastating Yet introduces Israel's faithlessness despite overwhelming grace. They tempted (vanassu, וַיְנַסּוּ) means to test or try God's patience, demanding proof of His presence (Exodus 17:7, Numbers 14:22). Provoked (vayamru, וַיַּמְרוּ) carries connotations of rebellion and bitterness—deliberate defiance, not mere weakness.

The title most high God (Elohim Elyon, אֱלֹהִים עֶלְיוֹן) heightens the tragedy. They rebelled against the supreme deity who just demonstrated His power over all gods through the exodus. Unbelief is cosmic treason against sovereign majesty. Kept not his testimonies (lo shameru edotav, לֹא שָׁמְרוּ עֵדֹתָיו) indicates violation of covenant stipulations—God's edot (עֵדוֹת) are His binding testimonies about Himself and His requirements.

This verse establishes a pattern repeated throughout redemptive history: God saves → people rebel → God judges → remnant preserved → cycle repeats. Only Christ breaks this cycle, obeying perfectly where Israel failed (Romans 5:19).

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Historical & Cultural Context

The period of the Judges (1390-1050 BC) exemplifies this pattern: 'they forsook the LORD...and the anger of the LORD was hot against Israel' (Judges 2:12-14). Despite possessing the Promised Land and God's law, Israel repeatedly apostatized into Canaanite religion, provoking divine discipline.

Reflection Questions

  1. How do believers 'test' God today through demanding signs or questioning His goodness?
  2. What heart attitude transforms obedience from legal duty into loving response to grace?
  3. In what ways does recognizing God as 'Most High' affect how we view our sin's seriousness?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 8 words
וַיְנַסּ֣וּ1 of 8

Yet they tempted

H5254

to test; by implication, to attempt

וַ֭יַּמְרוּ2 of 8

and provoked

H4784

to be (causatively, make) bitter (or unpleasant); (figuratively) to rebel (or resist; causatively, to provoke)

אֶת3 of 8
H853

properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)

אֱלֹהִ֣ים4 of 8

God

H430

gods in the ordinary sense; but specifically used (in the plural thus, especially with the article) of the supreme god; occasionally applied by way of

עֶלְי֑וֹן5 of 8

the most high

H5945

an elevation, i.e., (adjectively) lofty (comparatively); as title, the supreme

וְ֝עֵדוֹתָ֗יו6 of 8

not his testimonies

H5713

testimony

לֹ֣א7 of 8
H3808

not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles

שָׁמָֽרוּ׃8 of 8

and kept

H8104

properly, to hedge about (as with thorns), i.e., guard; generally, to protect, attend to, etc


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Psalms. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Psalms 78:56 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Psalms 78:56 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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