King James Version

What Does Isaiah 23:8 Mean?

Isaiah 23:8 in the King James Version says “Who hath taken this counsel against Tyre, the crowning city, whose merchants are princes, whose traffickers are the hono... — study this verse from Isaiah chapter 23 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

Who hath taken this counsel against Tyre, the crowning city, whose merchants are princes, whose traffickers are the honourable of the earth?

Isaiah 23:8 · KJV


Context

6

Pass ye over to Tarshish; howl, ye inhabitants of the isle.

7

Is this your joyous city, whose antiquity is of ancient days? her own feet shall carry her afar off to sojourn. afar: Heb. from afar off

8

Who hath taken this counsel against Tyre, the crowning city, whose merchants are princes, whose traffickers are the honourable of the earth?

9

The LORD of hosts hath purposed it, to stain the pride of all glory, and to bring into contempt all the honourable of the earth. to stain: Heb. to pollute

10

Pass through thy land as a river, O daughter of Tarshish: there is no more strength. strength: Heb. girdle


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
Who hath taken this counsel against Tyre, the crowning city? (מִי יָעַץ זֹאת עַל־צֹר הַמַּעֲטִירָה)—The question demands identification of the planner behind Tyre's judgment. The epithet ha-ma'atirah (the crowning/crown-giving) signifies Tyre's role as kingmaker: she established colonies, appointed governors, and crowned merchant princes. Whose merchants are princes, whose traffickers are the honourable of the earth—Phoenician traders held aristocratic status. The Hebrew sarim (princes) and nikbadim (honored ones/nobles) indicate they ranked with political royalty.

Yet verse 9 answers the rhetorical question: The LORD of hosts hath purposed it (יְהוָה צְבָאוֹת יְעָצָהּ). The same verb ya'ats (counsel/purpose) appears in both verses. Human counsel, however noble and powerful, submits to divine decree. God's purpose: to stain the pride of all glory, and to bring into contempt all the honourable of the earth. The verb lehachel (to profane/defile/stain) and lehakel (to make light/contemptible) target human glory and honor. This passage demolishes prosperity gospel theology: economic success does not indicate divine favor. God judges proud wealth as harshly as any other pride.

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

Phoenician merchants enjoyed extraordinary social status in the ancient world. Unlike most cultures that viewed commerce as lower-class, Phoenicia elevated traders to nobility. Kings participated directly in trade ventures. This made Tyre's judgment especially shocking—it targeted not just a city but an entire value system that equated commercial success with honor.

Reflection Questions

  1. How does modern culture crown merchants and business leaders as princes, making wealth the measure of honor?
  2. What does it mean that God purposes to 'stain' or profane worldly glory and honor?
  3. In what ways do Christians wrongly assume that financial success indicates God's blessing and approval?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 12 words
מִ֚י1 of 12
H4310

who? (occasionally, by a peculiar idiom, of things); also (indefinitely) whoever; often used in oblique construction with prefix or suffix

יָעַ֣ץ2 of 12

Who hath taken this counsel

H3289

to advise; reflexively, to deliberate or resolve

זֹ֔את3 of 12
H2063

this (often used adverb)

עַל4 of 12
H5921

above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications

צֹ֖ר5 of 12

against Tyre

H6865

tsor, a place in palestine

הַמַּֽעֲטִירָ֑ה6 of 12

the crowning

H5849

to encircle (for attack or protection); especially to crown (literally or figuratively)

אֲשֶׁ֤ר7 of 12
H834

who, which, what, that; also (as an adverb and a conjunction) when, where, how, because, in order that, etc

סֹחֲרֶ֙יהָ֙8 of 12

city whose merchants

H5503

to travel round (specifically as a pedlar); intensively, to palpitate

שָׂרִ֔ים9 of 12

are princes

H8269

a head person (of any rank or class)

כִּנְעָנֶ֖יהָ10 of 12
H3669

a kenaanite or inhabitant of kenaan; by implication, a pedlar (the canaanites standing for their neighbors the ishmaelites, who conducted mercantile c

נִכְבַּדֵּי11 of 12

are the honourable

H3513

to be heavy, i.e., in a bad sense (burdensome, severe, dull) or in a good sense (numerous, rich, honorable); causatively, to make weighty (in the same

אָֽרֶץ׃12 of 12

of the earth

H776

the earth (at large, or partitively a land)


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Isaiah. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Isaiah 23:8 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Isaiah 23:8 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

Places in This Verse

Test Your Knowledge

Continue Your Study