King James Version

What Does Habakkuk 3:10 Mean?

Habakkuk 3:10 in the King James Version says “The mountains saw thee, and they trembled: the overflowing of the water passed by: the deep uttered his voice, and lifte... — study this verse from Habakkuk chapter 3 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

The mountains saw thee, and they trembled: the overflowing of the water passed by: the deep uttered his voice, and lifted up his hands on high.

Habakkuk 3:10 · KJV


Context

8

Was the LORD displeased against the rivers? was thine anger against the rivers? was thy wrath against the sea, that thou didst ride upon thine horses and thy chariots of salvation? of: or, were salvation?

9

Thy bow was made quite naked, according to the oaths of the tribes, even thy word. Selah. Thou didst cleave the earth with rivers. earth: or, rivers of the earth

10

The mountains saw thee, and they trembled: the overflowing of the water passed by: the deep uttered his voice, and lifted up his hands on high.

11

The sun and moon stood still in their habitation: at the light of thine arrows they went, and at the shining of thy glittering spear. at the light: or, thine arrows walked in the light

12

Thou didst march through the land in indignation, thou didst thresh the heathen in anger.


Commentaries2 scholars

KJV Study CommentaryPublic Domain
The mountains saw thee, and they trembled (רָאוּךָ יָחִילוּ הָרִים/ra'ukha yachilu harim)—creation itself reacts to God's presence with fear. Mountains, symbols of permanence and stability, shake at theophany. This echoes Sinai, where the mountain quaked at God's descent (Exodus 19:18).

The overflowing of the water passed by (זֶרֶם מַיִם עָבָר/zerem mayim avar)—torrents of water swept past, likely referencing the Red Sea parting or Jordan's division. The deep uttered his voice (תְּהוֹם נָתַן קוֹלוֹ/tehom natan qolo)—even the ocean depths cried out. And lifted up his hands on high (רוֹם יָדָיו נָשָׂא/rom yadayv nasa)—hands raised high, possibly depicting waves lifted up or a gesture of surrender/worship. The personification of natural forces emphasizes creation's response to Creator: nature itself worships and obeys.

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

This poetic recollection draws from exodus and conquest narratives where God displayed mastery over creation. At the Red Sea, waters stood up as walls (Exodus 14:22). At Sinai, thunder, lightning, and earthquakes accompanied God's presence (Exodus 19:16-18). At Jordan, waters stopped flowing and piled up (Joshua 3:15-16). These miraculous interventions demonstrated Yahweh's superiority over pagan gods supposedly controlling natural forces. Egyptian gods included the Nile and sea deities; Canaanite Baal claimed control over storms and fertility. By commanding nature, Yahweh proved His exclusive deity and power to save His people.

Reflection Questions

  1. How does creation's response to God's presence (trembling, crying out, obeying) inform proper human response to God's holiness?
  2. What does God's sovereignty over natural forces teach about His ability to control circumstances in your life?
  3. How should remembering God's past demonstrations of power affect confidence in His current and future work?

Compare 2 commentaries from different scholars and time periods for a richer understanding.


Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 12 words
רָא֤וּךָ1 of 12

saw

H7200

to see, literally or figuratively (in numerous applications, direct and implied, transitive, intransitive and causative)

יָחִ֙ילוּ֙2 of 12

thee and they trembled

H2342

properly, to twist or whirl (in a circular or spiral manner), i.e., (specifically) to dance, to writhe in pain (especially of parturition) or fear; fi

הָרִ֔ים3 of 12

The mountains

H2022

a mountain or range of hills (sometimes used figuratively)

זֶ֥רֶם4 of 12

the overflowing

H2230

a gush of water

מַ֖יִם5 of 12

of the water

H4325

water; figuratively, juice; by euphemism, urine, semen

עָבָ֑ר6 of 12

passed by

H5674

to cross over; used very widely of any transition (literal or figurative; transitive, intransitive, intensive, causative); specifically, to cover (in

נָתַ֤ן7 of 12

uttered

H5414

to give, used with greatest latitude of application (put, make, etc.)

תְּהוֹם֙8 of 12

the deep

H8415

an abyss (as a surging mass of water), especially the deep (the main sea or the subterranean watersupply)

קוֹל֔וֹ9 of 12

his voice

H6963

a voice or sound

ר֖וֹם10 of 12

on high

H7315

elevation, i.e., (adverbially) aloft

יָדֵ֥יהוּ11 of 12

his hands

H3027

a hand (the open one [indicating power, means, direction, etc.], in distinction from h3709, the closed one); used (as noun, adverb, etc.) in a great v

נָשָֽׂא׃12 of 12

and lifted up

H5375

to lift, in a great variety of applications, literal and figurative, absolute and relative


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Habakkuk. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Habakkuk 3:10 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Habakkuk 3:10 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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