King James Version

What Does Galatians 4:5 Mean?

Galatians 4:5 in the King James Version says “To redeem them that were under the law, that we might receive the adoption of sons. — study this verse from Galatians chapter 4 with commentary, cross-references, and original Greek word analysis.

To redeem them that were under the law, that we might receive the adoption of sons.

Galatians 4:5 · KJV


Context

3

Even so we, when we were children, were in bondage under the elements of the world: elements: or, rudiments

4

But when the fulness of the time was come, God sent forth his Son, made of a woman, made under the law,

5

To redeem them that were under the law, that we might receive the adoption of sons.

6

And because ye are sons, God hath sent forth the Spirit of his Son into your hearts, crying, Abba, Father.

7

Wherefore thou art no more a servant, but a son; and if a son, then an heir of God through Christ.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
To redeem them that were under the law, that we might receive the adoption of sons. Christ's dual purpose. First, "to redeem them that were under the law" (hina tous hypo nomon exagorasē). "Redeem" is exagorazō (ἐξαγοράζω), meaning "buy out of the marketplace"—purchasing slaves to set free. "Them that were under the law" primarily means Jews but includes all under law's condemnation. Christ's law-keeping and curse-bearing (3:13) purchased our freedom.

Second purpose: "that we might receive the adoption of sons" (hina tēn huiothesian apolabōmen). "Adoption" is huiothesia (υἱοθεσία), literally "son-placement"—a legal term for formally adopting someone as a legal heir. "Might receive" (apolabōmen) emphasizes receiving what's given, not earned. Christ redeemed us from law-slavery and adopted us into God's family with full son-heir status. We're not merely forgiven criminals but beloved children with inheritance rights. This double benefit—redemption and adoption—constitutes the gospel's richness.

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

Roman adoption was serious legal procedure. The adopted person lost all rights in their biological family and gained all rights in their new family—becoming a full heir equal to biological children. Past debts were cancelled; new identity established. Paul uses this powerful social institution to explain believers' new status. We're transferred from Adam's family into God's family, from law's domain into grace, from slavery to sonship. All this accomplished by Christ's redemptive work.

Reflection Questions

  1. Do you see yourself primarily as a redeemed slave or as an adopted son with full inheritance rights?
  2. How does adoption language (chosen, wanted, legally established as heir) transform your sense of belonging and security?
  3. What would change in your daily life if you fully embraced your adopted status as God's beloved child and co-heir with Christ?

Original Language Analysis

Greek · 9 words
ἵνα1 of 9

To

G2443

in order that (denoting the purpose or the result)

τοὺς2 of 9
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

ὑπὸ3 of 9

them that were under

G5259

under, i.e., (with the genitive case) of place (beneath), or with verbs (the agency or means, through); (with the accusative case) of place (whither (

νόμον4 of 9

the law

G3551

law (through the idea of prescriptive usage), genitive case (regulation), specially, (of moses (including the volume); also of the gospel), or figurat

ἐξαγοράσῃ5 of 9

redeem

G1805

to buy up, i.e., ransom; figuratively, to rescue from loss (improve opportunity)

ἵνα6 of 9

To

G2443

in order that (denoting the purpose or the result)

τὴν7 of 9
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

υἱοθεσίαν8 of 9

the adoption of sons

G5206

the placing as a son, i.e., adoption (figuratively, christian sonship in respect to god)

ἀπολάβωμεν9 of 9

we might receive

G618

to receive (specially, in full, or as a host); also to take aside


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Galatians. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Galatians 4:5 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Galatians 4:5 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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