King James Version

What Does Galatians 3:22 Mean?

Galatians 3:22 in the King James Version says “But the scripture hath concluded all under sin, that the promise by faith of Jesus Christ might be given to them that be... — study this verse from Galatians chapter 3 with commentary, cross-references, and original Greek word analysis.

But the scripture hath concluded all under sin, that the promise by faith of Jesus Christ might be given to them that believe.

Galatians 3:22 · KJV


Context

20

Now a mediator is not a mediator of one, but God is one.

21

Is the law then against the promises of God? God forbid : for if there had been a law given which could have given life, verily righteousness should have been by the law.

22

But the scripture hath concluded all under sin, that the promise by faith of Jesus Christ might be given to them that believe.

23

But before faith came, we were kept under the law, shut up unto the faith which should afterwards be revealed.

24

Wherefore the law was our schoolmaster to bring us unto Christ, that we might be justified by faith.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
But the scripture hath concluded all under sin, that the promise by faith of Jesus Christ might be given to them that believe. The conjunction 'but' (alla, ἀλλά) contrasts verse 21's negative (Law can't give life) with verse 22's purpose. 'The scripture hath concluded' (synekleisen hē graphē, συνέκλεισεν ἡ γραφή)—'shut up, imprisoned, confined'—the aorist verb indicates a decisive historical action. Scripture personified (as in v. 8) has locked up all humanity 'under sin' (hypo hamartian, ὑπὸ ἁμαρτίαν)—in sin's prison, under sin's authority. The word 'all' (ta panta, τὰ πάντα)—'all things, all people'—is emphatic: Jew and Gentile, circumcised and uncircumcised, Law-keeper and pagan—all without exception are imprisoned under sin.

The purpose clause: 'that the promise by faith of Jesus Christ might be given to them that believe' (hina hē epangelia ek pisteōs Iēsou Christou dothē tois pisteuousin, ἵνα ἡ ἐπαγγελία ἐκ πίστεως Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ δοθῇ τοῖς πιστεύουσιν). God's purpose in imprisoning all under sin was gracious: so that the promise (righteousness, Spirit, life) would be received by faith alone, in Christ alone, by all who believe—Jew and Gentile equally. The genitive 'by faith of Jesus Christ' could mean 'faith in Jesus Christ' (objective genitive) or 'the faithfulness of Jesus Christ' (subjective genitive)—both are true and complementary.

This verse culminates Paul's argument: the Law's function was to imprison humanity under sin, forcing all to look outside themselves for salvation—to the promise fulfilled in Christ, received by faith. Universal sinfulness (Romans 3:9-23) leads to universal salvation-offer by grace through faith (Romans 3:21-26). No human merit, no works-righteousness—only faith in Christ.

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Historical & Cultural Context

Romans 3:9-20 parallels this verse: 'all have sinned and fall short of the glory of God.' The Law's purpose was to reveal and confine humanity under sin's dominion, eliminating any claim to self-righteousness. This universal diagnosis (Jew and Gentile alike are sinners under God's judgment) prepares for the universal remedy: justification by faith in Christ (Romans 3:21-26). Scripture's 'imprisoning all under sin' refers especially to passages like Deuteronomy 27:26 (quoted in Galatians 3:10), Psalm 143:2, Ecclesiastes 7:20, Romans 3:10-18—texts proving universal human sinfulness.

Reflection Questions

  1. What does it mean that 'scripture concluded all under sin'? How does the Law's revelation of universal sinfulness prepare us for the gospel?
  2. How does God's purpose in imprisoning all under sin (so that salvation is by faith alone) demonstrate His grace and wisdom?
  3. In what ways might you be trying to escape Scripture's verdict that you are 'under sin' apart from Christ, needing salvation by faith alone?

Original Language Analysis

Greek · 18 words
ἀλλὰ1 of 18

But

G235

properly, other things, i.e., (adverbially) contrariwise (in many relations)

συνέκλεισεν2 of 18

hath concluded

G4788

to shut together, i.e., include or (figuratively) embrace in a common subjection to

3 of 18
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

γραφὴ4 of 18

the scripture

G1124

a document, i.e., holy writ (or its contents or a statement in it)

τὰ5 of 18
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

πάντα6 of 18

all

G3956

all, any, every, the whole

ὑπὸ7 of 18

under

G5259

under, i.e., (with the genitive case) of place (beneath), or with verbs (the agency or means, through); (with the accusative case) of place (whither (

ἁμαρτίαν8 of 18

sin

G266

a sin (properly abstract)

ἵνα9 of 18

that

G2443

in order that (denoting the purpose or the result)

10 of 18
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

ἐπαγγελία11 of 18

the promise

G1860

an announcement (for information, assent or pledge; especially a divine assurance of good)

ἐκ12 of 18

by

G1537

a primary preposition denoting origin (the point whence action or motion proceeds), from, out (of place, time, or cause literal or figurative; direct

πίστεως13 of 18

faith

G4102

persuasion, i.e., credence; moral conviction (of religious truth, or the truthfulness of god or a religious teacher), especially reliance upon christ

Ἰησοῦ14 of 18

of Jesus

G2424

jesus (i.e., jehoshua), the name of our lord and two (three) other israelites

Χριστοῦ15 of 18

Christ

G5547

anointed, i.e., the messiah, an epithet of jesus

δοθῇ16 of 18

might be given

G1325

to give (used in a very wide application, properly, or by implication, literally or figuratively; greatly modified by the connection)

τοῖς17 of 18
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

πιστεύουσιν18 of 18

to them that believe

G4100

to have faith (in, upon, or with respect to, a person or thing), i.e., credit; by implication, to entrust (especially one's spiritual well-being to ch


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Galatians. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Galatians 3:22 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Galatians 3:22 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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