King James Version

What Does Exodus 18:5 Mean?

Exodus 18:5 in the King James Version says “And Jethro, Moses' father in law, came with his sons and his wife unto Moses into the wilderness, where he encamped at t... — study this verse from Exodus chapter 18 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

And Jethro, Moses' father in law, came with his sons and his wife unto Moses into the wilderness, where he encamped at the mount of God:

Exodus 18:5 · KJV


Context

3

And her two sons; of which the name of the one was Gershom; for he said, I have been an alien in a strange land: Gershom: that is A stranger there

4

And the name of the other was Eliezer; for the God of my father, said he, was mine help, and delivered me from the sword of Pharaoh: Eliezer: that is, My God is an help

5

And Jethro, Moses' father in law, came with his sons and his wife unto Moses into the wilderness, where he encamped at the mount of God:

6

And he said unto Moses, I thy father in law Jethro am come unto thee, and thy wife, and her two sons with her.

7

And Moses went out to meet his father in law, and did obeisance, and kissed him; and they asked each other of their welfare; and they came into the tent. welfare: Heb. peace


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
And Jethro, Moses' father in law, came with his sons and his wife unto Moses into the wilderness, where he encamped at the mount of God—Jethro's pilgrimage to 'the mount of God' (הַר הָאֱלֹהִים, har ha'elohim, Sinai/Horeb) demonstrates that he seeks not merely family reunion but divine encounter. The 'mount of God' designation before the law-giving shows this mountain's sacred character predates Sinai covenant—it's where God appeared to Moses in burning bush (Ex 3:1). Jethro's coming 'into the wilderness' requires faith—he leaves settled Midian for desert pilgrimage. This prefigures Gentiles who will come from nations to worship at Zion (Isa 2:2-3). The family reunion at Sinai, where law will be given, shows grace (family) before law (Sinai).

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

Sinai/Horeb was already known as 'the mount of God' from Moses' burning bush encounter (Exodus 3:1). Jethro's arrival there positions him to witness the law-giving and glory manifestation.

Reflection Questions

  1. What does Jethro leaving settled life for wilderness pilgrimage teach about seeking God?
  2. How does family reunion at Sinai before law-giving show grace preceding commandment?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 16 words
וַיָּבֹ֞א1 of 16

came

H935

to go or come (in a wide variety of applications)

יִתְר֨וֹ2 of 16

And Jethro

H3503

jethro, moses' father-in-law

חֹתֵ֥ן3 of 16

father in law

H2859

to give (a daughter) away in marriage; hence (generally) to contract affinity by marriage

מֹשֶׁ֑ה4 of 16

Moses

H4872

mosheh, the israelite lawgiver

וּבָנָ֥יו5 of 16

with his sons

H1121

a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or

וְאִשְׁתּ֖וֹ6 of 16

and his wife

H802

a woman

אֶל7 of 16
H413

near, with or among; often in general, to

מֹשֶׁ֑ה8 of 16

Moses

H4872

mosheh, the israelite lawgiver

אֶל9 of 16
H413

near, with or among; often in general, to

הַמִּדְבָּ֗ר10 of 16

into the wilderness

H4057

a pasture (i.e., open field, whither cattle are driven); by implication, a desert

אֲשֶׁר11 of 16
H834

who, which, what, that; also (as an adverb and a conjunction) when, where, how, because, in order that, etc

ה֛וּא12 of 16
H1931

he (she or it); only expressed when emphatic or without a verb; also (intensively) self, or (especially with the article) the same; sometimes (as demo

חֹנֶ֥ה13 of 16

where he encamped

H2583

properly, to incline; by implication, to decline (of the slanting rays of evening); specifically, to pitch a tent; generally to encamp (for abode or s

שָׁ֖ם14 of 16
H8033

there (transferring to time) then; often thither, or thence

הַ֥ר15 of 16

at the mount

H2022

a mountain or range of hills (sometimes used figuratively)

הָֽאֱלֹהִֽים׃16 of 16

of God

H430

gods in the ordinary sense; but specifically used (in the plural thus, especially with the article) of the supreme god; occasionally applied by way of


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Exodus. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Exodus 18:5 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Exodus 18:5 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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