King James Version

What Does Exodus 1:11 Mean?

Exodus 1:11 in the King James Version says “Therefore they did set over them taskmasters to afflict them with their burdens. And they built for Pharaoh treasure cit... — study this verse from Exodus chapter 1 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

Therefore they did set over them taskmasters to afflict them with their burdens. And they built for Pharaoh treasure cities, Pithom and Raamses.

Exodus 1:11 · KJV


Context

9

And he said unto his people, Behold, the people of the children of Israel are more and mightier than we:

10

Come on, let us deal wisely with them; lest they multiply, and it come to pass, that, when there falleth out any war, they join also unto our enemies, and fight against us, and so get them up out of the land.

11

Therefore they did set over them taskmasters to afflict them with their burdens. And they built for Pharaoh treasure cities, Pithom and Raamses.

12

But the more they afflicted them, the more they multiplied and grew. And they were grieved because of the children of Israel. But: Heb. And as they afflicted them, so they multiplied, etc

13

And the Egyptians made the children of Israel to serve with rigour:


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
Therefore they did set over them taskmasters to afflict them with their burdens (שָׂרֵי מִסִּים לְמַעַן עַנֹּתוֹ בְּסִבְלֹתָם, sarei missim lema'an anoto besivlotam)—Taskmasters (שָׂרֵי מִסִּים, sarei missim, "forced labor officials") implemented slave labor. Afflict (עָנָה, anah) is the same verb used in Genesis 15:13's prophecy of Israel's affliction. They built for Pharaoh treasure cities, Pithom and Raamses—archaeological sites possibly identified with Tell el-Retabah and Qantir/Pi-Ramesses. These store cities for military supplies show Israel's labor served Pharaoh's imperial ambitions. Yet affliction became the crucible for Israel's national identity and cry to God (2:23-25).

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

Pithom (Hebrew פִּתֹם, Egyptian Per-Atum, "House of Atum") and Raamses (רַעַמְסֵס, Egyptian Pi-Ramesses, "House of Ramesses") were Delta store cities. If Ramesses II (1279-1213 BC) was the pharaoh, these building projects date to the 19th Dynasty. Brick-making using straw (5:7-8) matches Egyptian construction methods documented in tomb paintings.

Reflection Questions

  1. How do you maintain faith when your labor seems to serve ungodly purposes or oppressive systems?
  2. What does God's fulfillment of the Genesis 15:13 prophecy teach about His sovereign control of history?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 15 words
וַיָּשִׂ֤ימוּ1 of 15

Therefore they did set

H7760

to put (used in a great variety of applications, literal, figurative, inferentially, and elliptically)

עָלָיו֙2 of 15
H5921

above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications

שָׂרֵ֣י3 of 15
H8269

a head person (of any rank or class)

מִסִּ֔ים4 of 15

over them taskmasters

H4522

properly, a burden (as causing to faint), i.e., a tax in the form of forced labor

לְמַ֥עַן5 of 15
H4616

properly, heed, i.e., purpose; used only adverbially, on account of (as a motive or an aim), teleologically, in order that

עַנֹּת֖וֹ6 of 15

to afflict

H6031

to depress literally or figuratively, transitive or intransitive (in various applications, as follows)

בְּסִבְלֹתָ֑ם7 of 15

them with their burdens

H5450

porterage

וַיִּ֜בֶן8 of 15

And they built

H1129

to build (literally and figuratively)

עָרֵ֤י9 of 15

cities

H5892

a city (a place guarded by waking or a watch) in the widest sense (even of a mere encampment or post)

מִסְכְּנוֹת֙10 of 15

treasure

H4543

a magazine

לְפַרְעֹ֔ה11 of 15

for Pharaoh

H6547

paroh, a general title of egyptian kings

אֶת12 of 15
H853

properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)

פִּתֹ֖ם13 of 15

Pithom

H6619

pithom, a place in egypt

וְאֶת14 of 15
H853

properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)

רַֽעַמְסֵֽס׃15 of 15

and Raamses

H7486

rameses or raamses, a place in egypt


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Exodus. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Exodus 1:11 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Exodus 1:11 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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