King James Version

What Does Acts 13:51 Mean?

Acts 13:51 in the King James Version says “But they shook off the dust of their feet against them, and came unto Iconium. — study this verse from Acts chapter 13 with commentary, cross-references, and original Greek word analysis.

But they shook off the dust of their feet against them, and came unto Iconium.

Acts 13:51 · KJV


Context

49

And the word of the Lord was published throughout all the region.

50

But the Jews stirred up the devout and honourable women, and the chief men of the city, and raised persecution against Paul and Barnabas, and expelled them out of their coasts.

51

But they shook off the dust of their feet against them, and came unto Iconium.

52

And the disciples were filled with joy, and with the Holy Ghost.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
But they shook off the dust of their feet against them (ἐκτιναξάμενοι τὸν κονιορτὸν τῶν ποδῶν)—Paul and Barnabas enacted Jesus's instruction from the sending of the Twelve (Luke 9:5) and the Seventy (Luke 10:11). The symbolic act of ektinassō (to shake off thoroughly) declared a solemn witness: the messengers had fulfilled their obligation, and the rejectors now bore full responsibility for refusing God's salvation.

This dramatic gesture testified that Pisidian Antioch's Jewish leaders, despite their covenant privileges, had judged themselves unworthy of everlasting life (v. 46). The apostles turned to Iconium, continuing the pattern that would characterize Paul's missionary strategy—proclaim first to Jews, then to Gentiles when rejected. The shaken dust symbolized both judgment and release: the apostles were clean of their blood (Ezekiel 3:18-19).

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

Pisidian Antioch was a Roman colony in Galatia where Paul preached in the synagogue (13:14-43). After initial interest, jealous Jewish leaders expelled Paul and Barnabas (13:50). Iconium, their next destination, was another major city in south-central Asia Minor along the Via Sebaste. This incident (c. AD 47-48) occurred during Paul's first missionary journey.

Reflection Questions

  1. When have you needed to 'shake the dust off' and move forward after faithful witness was rejected?
  2. How does this gesture demonstrate both the seriousness of rejecting the gospel and the freedom of the messenger?

Original Language Analysis

Greek · 13 words
οἱ1 of 13
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

δὲ2 of 13

But

G1161

but, and, etc

ἐκτιναξάμενοι3 of 13

they shook off

G1621

to shake violently

τὸν4 of 13
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

κονιορτὸν5 of 13

the dust

G2868

pulverulence (as blown about)

τῶν6 of 13
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

ποδῶν7 of 13

feet

G4228

a "foot" (figuratively or literally)

αὐτοὺς8 of 13

them

G846

the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons

ἐπ'9 of 13

against

G1909

properly, meaning superimposition (of time, place, order, etc.), as a relation of distribution (with the genitive case), i.e., over, upon, etc.; of re

αὐτοὺς10 of 13

them

G846

the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons

ἦλθον11 of 13

and came

G2064

to come or go (in a great variety of applications, literally and figuratively)

εἰς12 of 13

unto

G1519

to or into (indicating the point reached or entered), of place, time, or (figuratively) purpose (result, etc.); also in adverbial phrases

Ἰκόνιον13 of 13

Iconium

G2430

image-like; iconium, a place in asia minor


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Acts. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Acts 13:51 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Acts 13:51 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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