King James Version

What Does 2 Corinthians 3:15 Mean?

2 Corinthians 3:15 in the King James Version says “But even unto this day, when Moses is read, the vail is upon their heart. — study this verse from 2 Corinthians chapter 3 with commentary, cross-references, and original Greek word analysis.

But even unto this day, when Moses is read, the vail is upon their heart.

2 Corinthians 3:15 · KJV


Context

13

And not as Moses, which put a vail over his face, that the children of Israel could not stedfastly look to the end of that which is abolished:

14

But their minds were blinded: for until this day remaineth the same vail untaken away in the reading of the old testament; which vail is done away in Christ.

15

But even unto this day, when Moses is read, the vail is upon their heart.

16

Nevertheless when it shall turn to the Lord, the vail shall be taken away.

17

Now the Lord is that Spirit: and where the Spirit of the Lord is, there is liberty.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
But even unto this day, when Moses is read, the vail is upon their heart. Paul emphasizes the tragic present reality: when Moses is read (Greek hēnika anaginōskētai Mōusēs, ἡνίκα ἀναγινώσκηται Μωϋσῆς)—that is, when the Torah is read in synagogue worship—the vail is upon their heart (Greek kalymma epi tēn kardian autōn keitai, κάλυμμα ἐπὶ τὴν καρδίαν αὐτῶν κεῖται). The veil is no longer physical but spiritual; it covers not Moses' face but Israel's heart.

The shift from "minds" (verse 14) to heart (kardia, καρδία) is significant. Biblical "heart" includes intellect, will, and affections—the whole inner person. The veil is not merely intellectual confusion but willful blindness, a hardness of heart that prevents spiritual perception. This echoes Isaiah 6:9-10, quoted by Jesus to explain Israel's unbelief (Matthew 13:14-15; John 12:40). Yet Paul's tone is not triumphalistic but sorrowful—he mourns his kinsmen's blindness (Romans 9:1-3; 10:1) and anticipates future restoration (Romans 11:25-27).

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

First-century synagogue worship centered on public reading and exposition of the Torah (the Five Books of Moses), Prophets, and Writings. Jesus participated in this custom (Luke 4:16-21), as did Paul (Acts 13:14-15). However, rabbinic interpretation (later codified in the Talmud) developed complex hermeneutical methods that often obscured rather than revealed the Christological meaning of texts. Paul argues that apart from the Spirit's illumination, even the most diligent study of Moses leaves the heart veiled. The solution is not better exegesis but spiritual regeneration.

Reflection Questions

  1. How does this verse warn against reading Scripture academically or religiously without spiritual illumination by the Spirit?
  2. In what ways might your own heart still be "veiled" when reading certain biblical texts or doctrines?
  3. How can you cultivate heart-level receptivity to Scripture, not merely intellectual study?

Original Language Analysis

Greek · 12 words
ἀλλ'1 of 12

But

G235

properly, other things, i.e., (adverbially) contrariwise (in many relations)

ἕως2 of 12

even

G2193

a conjunction, preposition and adverb of continuance, until (of time and place)

σήμερον3 of 12

unto this day

G4594

on the (i.e., this) day (or night current or just passed); generally, now (i.e., at present, hitherto)

ἡνίκα4 of 12

when

G2259

at which time

ἀναγινώσκεται5 of 12

is read

G314

to know again, i.e., (by extension) to read

Μωσῆς,6 of 12

Moses

G3475

moseus, moses, or mouses (i.e., mosheh), the hebrew lawgiver

κάλυμμα7 of 12

the vail

G2571

a cover, i.e., veil

ἐπὶ8 of 12
G1909

properly, meaning superimposition (of time, place, order, etc.), as a relation of distribution (with the genitive case), i.e., over, upon, etc.; of re

τὴν9 of 12
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

καρδίαν10 of 12

heart

G2588

the heart, i.e., (figuratively) the thoughts or feelings (mind); also (by analogy) the middle

αὐτῶν11 of 12

their

G846

the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons

κεῖται·12 of 12

is upon

G2749

to lie outstretched (literally or figuratively)


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of 2 Corinthians. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

2 Corinthians 3:15 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to 2 Corinthians 3:15 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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