King James Version

What Does 1 Timothy 5:23 Mean?

1 Timothy 5:23 in the King James Version says “Drink no longer water, but use a little wine for thy stomach's sake and thine often infirmities. — study this verse from 1 Timothy chapter 5 with commentary, cross-references, and original Greek word analysis.

Drink no longer water, but use a little wine for thy stomach's sake and thine often infirmities.

1 Timothy 5:23 · KJV


Context

21

I charge thee before God, and the Lord Jesus Christ, and the elect angels, that thou observe these things without preferring one before another, doing nothing by partiality. preferring: or, prejudice

22

Lay hands suddenly on no man, neither be partaker of other men's sins: keep thyself pure.

23

Drink no longer water, but use a little wine for thy stomach's sake and thine often infirmities.

24

Some men's sins are open beforehand, going before to judgment; and some men they follow after.

25

Likewise also the good works of some are manifest beforehand; and they that are otherwise cannot be hid.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
Drink no longer water, but use a little wine for thy stomach's sake and thine often infirmities (Μηκέτι ὑδροπότει, ἀλλὰ οἴνῳ ὀλίγῳ χρῶ διὰ τὸν στόμαχόν σου καὶ τὰς πυκνάς σου ἀσθενείας, Mēketi hydropotei, alla oinō oligō chrō dia ton stomachon sou kai tas pyknas sou astheneias)—'stop drinking only water, but use a little wine for your stomach and frequent ailments.' Hydropoteo means to drink water (only). Stomachos is stomach. Pyknos means frequent, often.

This verse seems out of place amid instructions on church discipline, but it reveals Paul's pastoral care for Timothy personally. Timothy apparently practiced strict abstinence from wine (perhaps to avoid any appearance of the excess Paul condemned in 3:3, 8), but this was harming his health. Ancient water was often contaminated; wine was safer and had medicinal value.

Paul's counsel: asceticism isn't virtue if it damages your health. Use a little wine medicinally. This isn't endorsing drunkenness but wise stewardship of the body. Timothy's rigorous self-discipline was admirable but misguided when it hurt his ability to serve. Take care of your body—it's the temple of the Holy Spirit.

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

In the ancient world, wine mixed with water was the standard beverage—safer than contaminated water and less intoxicating than pure wine. Paul isn't recommending drunkenness but appropriate use of wine for health. Timothy's frequent stomach ailments and illnesses may have been exacerbated by drinking only water in a region where waterborne diseases were common.

Reflection Questions

  1. How does this verse balance between avoiding drunkenness and appropriate use of wine?
  2. What does Paul's counsel teach about caring for physical health amid spiritual ministry?
  3. How can Christians avoid both self-destructive asceticism and self-indulgent excess?

Original Language Analysis

Greek · 15 words
Μηκέτι1 of 15

no longer

G3371

no further

ὑδροπότει2 of 15

Drink

G5202

to be a water-drinker, i.e., to abstain from vinous beverages

ἀλλ'3 of 15

but

G235

properly, other things, i.e., (adverbially) contrariwise (in many relations)

οἴνῳ4 of 15

wine

G3631

"wine" (literally or figuratively)

ὀλίγῳ5 of 15

a little

G3641

puny (in extent, degree, number, duration or value); especially neuter (adverbially) somewhat

χρῶ6 of 15

use

G5530

to furnish what is needed; (give an oracle, "graze" (touch slightly), light upon, etc.), i.e., (by implication) to employ or (by extension) to act tow

διὰ7 of 15

for

G1223

through (in very wide applications, local, causal, or occasional)

τὸν8 of 15
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

στόμαχον9 of 15

stomach's sake

G4751

an orifice (the gullet), i.e., (specially), the "stomach"

σοῦ10 of 15

thine

G4675

of thee, thy

καὶ11 of 15

and

G2532

and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words

τὰς12 of 15
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

πυκνάς13 of 15

often

G4437

clasped (thick), i.e., (figuratively) frequent; neuter plural (as adverb) frequently

σοῦ14 of 15

thine

G4675

of thee, thy

ἀσθενείας15 of 15

infirmities

G769

feebleness (of mind or body); by implication, malady; morally, frailty


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of 1 Timothy. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

1 Timothy 5:23 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to 1 Timothy 5:23 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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