King James Version

What Does 1 Samuel 12:19 Mean?

1 Samuel 12:19 in the King James Version says “And all the people said unto Samuel, Pray for thy servants unto the LORD thy God, that we die not: for we have added unt... — study this verse from 1 Samuel chapter 12 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

And all the people said unto Samuel, Pray for thy servants unto the LORD thy God, that we die not: for we have added unto all our sins this evil, to ask us a king.

1 Samuel 12:19 · KJV


Context

17

Is it not wheat harvest to day? I will call unto the LORD, and he shall send thunder and rain; that ye may perceive and see that your wickedness is great, which ye have done in the sight of the LORD, in asking you a king.

18

So Samuel called unto the LORD; and the LORD sent thunder and rain that day: and all the people greatly feared the LORD and Samuel.

19

And all the people said unto Samuel, Pray for thy servants unto the LORD thy God, that we die not: for we have added unto all our sins this evil, to ask us a king.

20

And Samuel said unto the people, Fear not: ye have done all this wickedness: yet turn not aside from following the LORD, but serve the LORD with all your heart;

21

And turn ye not aside: for then should ye go after vain things, which cannot profit nor deliver; for they are vain.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
And all the people said unto Samuel, Pray for thy servants unto the LORD thy God, that we die not: for we have added unto all our sins this evil, to ask us a king.

The people's terrified response - begging Samuel to 'Pray for thy servants unto the LORD thy God, that we die not' - shows they correctly interpret the sign as divine judgment. Their confession 'we have added unto all our sins this evil, to ask us a king' finally acknowledges what Samuel has argued: the monarchy request compounded previous covenant violations. The phrase 'thy God' (not 'our God') may reflect their sense of alienation from God, requiring Samuel's mediation.

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

Intercessory prayer by prophets and priests was understood as essential mediation between God and people. Moses' intercession had repeatedly saved Israel from destruction (Exodus 32:11-14; Numbers 14:13-19). The people now look to Samuel to fulfill this same role.

Reflection Questions

  1. When have you finally recognized that your 'solution' was actually another sin added to previous ones?
  2. How does recognition of sin lead to seeking godly intercession?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 22 words
וַיֹּֽאמְר֨וּ1 of 22

said

H559

to say (used with great latitude)

כָל2 of 22
H3605

properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense)

הָעָ֜ם3 of 22

And all the people

H5971

a people (as a congregated unit); specifically, a tribe (as those of israel); hence (collectively) troops or attendants; figuratively, a flock

אֶל4 of 22
H413

near, with or among; often in general, to

שְׁמוּאֵ֗ל5 of 22

unto Samuel

H8050

shemuel, the name of three israelites

הִתְפַּלֵּ֧ל6 of 22

Pray

H6419

to judge (officially or mentally); by extension, to intercede, pray

בְּעַד7 of 22
H1157

in up to or over against; generally at, beside, among, behind, for, etc

עֲבָדֶ֛יךָ8 of 22

for thy servants

H5650

a servant

אֶל9 of 22
H413

near, with or among; often in general, to

יְהוָ֥ה10 of 22

unto the LORD

H3068

(the) self-existent or eternal; jeho-vah, jewish national name of god

אֱלֹהֶ֖יךָ11 of 22

thy God

H430

gods in the ordinary sense; but specifically used (in the plural thus, especially with the article) of the supreme god; occasionally applied by way of

וְאַל12 of 22
H408

not (the qualified negation, used as a deprecative); once (job 24:25) as a noun, nothing

נָמ֑וּת13 of 22

that we die

H4191

to die (literally or figuratively); causatively, to kill

כִּֽי14 of 22
H3588

(by implication) very widely used as a relative conjunction or adverb (as below); often largely modified by other particles annexed

יָסַ֤פְנוּ15 of 22

not for we have added

H3254

to add or augment (often adverbial, to continue to do a thing)

עַל16 of 22
H5921

above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications

כָּל17 of 22
H3605

properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense)

חַטֹּאתֵ֙ינוּ֙18 of 22

unto all our sins

H2403

an offence (sometimes habitual sinfulness), and its penalty, occasion, sacrifice, or expiation; also (concretely) an offender

רָעָ֔ה19 of 22

this evil

H7451

bad or (as noun) evil (natural or moral)

לִשְׁאֹ֥ל20 of 22

to ask

H7592

to inquire; by implication, to request; by extension, to demand

לָ֖נוּ21 of 22
H0
מֶֽלֶךְ׃22 of 22

us a king

H4428

a king


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of 1 Samuel. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

1 Samuel 12:19 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to 1 Samuel 12:19 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

Test Your Knowledge

Continue Your Study