King James Version

What Does 1 Kings 12:9 Mean?

1 Kings 12:9 in the King James Version says “And he said unto them, What counsel give ye that we may answer this people, who have spoken to me, saying, Make the yoke... — study this verse from 1 Kings chapter 12 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

And he said unto them, What counsel give ye that we may answer this people, who have spoken to me, saying, Make the yoke which thy father did put upon us lighter?

1 Kings 12:9 · KJV


Context

7

And they spake unto him, saying, If thou wilt be a servant unto this people this day, and wilt serve them, and answer them, and speak good words to them, then they will be thy servants for ever.

8

But he forsook the counsel of the old men, which they had given him, and consulted with the young men that were grown up with him, and which stood before him:

9

And he said unto them, What counsel give ye that we may answer this people, who have spoken to me, saying, Make the yoke which thy father did put upon us lighter?

10

And the young men that were grown up with him spake unto him, saying, Thus shalt thou speak unto this people that spake unto thee, saying, Thy father made our yoke heavy, but make thou it lighter unto us; thus shalt thou say unto them, My little finger shall be thicker than my father's loins.

11

And now whereas my father did lade you with a heavy yoke, I will add to your yoke: my father hath chastised you with whips, but I will chastise you with scorpions.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
And he said unto them, What counsel give ye that we may answer this people, who have spoken to me, saying, Make the yoke which thy father did put upon us lighter?

This verse contributes to the broader narrative of kingdom divided: rehoboam and jeroboam, within the book's focus on kingdom division as judgment for Solomon's idolatry.

The Hebrew text reveals nuances important for understanding this passage's contribution to 1 Kings' theological message about kingship, covenant, and faithfulness to Yahweh. This verse demonstrates the consequences when God's people—especially their leaders—either follow or forsake the covenant established at Sinai.

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

First Kings was written during or after the Babylonian exile (6th century BCE), reflecting on the monarchy period (10th-9th centuries BCE) to explain why the kingdoms fell. The kingdom division (c. 930 BCE) created the northern kingdom (Israel, 10 tribes) and southern kingdom (Judah, 2 tribes).

Ancient Near Eastern kingship ideology viewed kings as divine representatives responsible for maintaining cosmic order through right worship. Archaeological discoveries from sites like Megiddo, Hazor, and Samaria confirm the historical reliability of 1 Kings' descriptions of building projects and administrative structures.

Reflection Questions

  1. How can leaders today avoid Rehoboam's mistakes and lead with wisdom rather than pride?
  2. What does the kingdom division teach about the long-term consequences of generational sin and compromise?
  3. How does this verse point toward or prepare for the coming of Christ and His eternal kingdom?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 21 words
לֵאמֹ֔ר1 of 21

And he said

H559

to say (used with great latitude)

אֲלֵיהֶ֗ם2 of 21
H413

near, with or among; often in general, to

מָ֚ה3 of 21
H4100

properly, interrogative what? (including how? why? when?); but also exclamation, what! (including how!), or indefinitely what (including whatever, and

אַתֶּ֣ם4 of 21
H859

thou and thee, or (plural) ye and you

נֽוֹעָצִ֔ים5 of 21

unto them What counsel give

H3289

to advise; reflexively, to deliberate or resolve

וְנָשִׁ֥יב6 of 21

ye that we may

H7725

to turn back (hence, away) transitively or intransitively, literally or figuratively (not necessarily with the idea of return to the starting point);

דָּבָ֖ר7 of 21

answer

H1697

a word; by implication, a matter (as spoken of) or thing; adverbially, a cause

אֶת8 of 21
H853

properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)

הָעָ֣ם9 of 21

this people

H5971

a people (as a congregated unit); specifically, a tribe (as those of israel); hence (collectively) troops or attendants; figuratively, a flock

הַזֶּ֑ה10 of 21
H2088

the masculine demonstrative pronoun, this or that

אֲשֶׁ֨ר11 of 21
H834

who, which, what, that; also (as an adverb and a conjunction) when, where, how, because, in order that, etc

דִּבְּר֤וּ12 of 21

who have spoken

H1696

perhaps properly, to arrange; but used figuratively (of words), to speak; rarely (in a destructive sense) to subdue

אֵלַי֙13 of 21
H413

near, with or among; often in general, to

לֵאמֹ֔ר14 of 21

And he said

H559

to say (used with great latitude)

הָקֵל֙15 of 21

Make

H7043

to be (causatively, make) light, literally (swift, small, sharp, etc.) or figuratively (easy, trifling, vile, etc.)

מִן16 of 21
H4480

properly, a part of; hence (prepositionally), from or out of in many senses

הָעֹ֔ל17 of 21

the yoke

H5923

a yoke (as imposed on the neck), literally or figuratively

אֲשֶׁר18 of 21
H834

who, which, what, that; also (as an adverb and a conjunction) when, where, how, because, in order that, etc

נָתַ֥ן19 of 21

did put

H5414

to give, used with greatest latitude of application (put, make, etc.)

אָבִ֖יךָ20 of 21

which thy father

H1

father, in a literal and immediate, or figurative and remote application

עָלֵֽינוּ׃21 of 21
H5921

above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of 1 Kings. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

1 Kings 12:9 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to 1 Kings 12:9 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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