King James Version

What Does 1 Corinthians 3:20 Mean?

1 Corinthians 3:20 in the King James Version says “And again, The Lord knoweth the thoughts of the wise, that they are vain. — study this verse from 1 Corinthians chapter 3 with commentary, cross-references, and original Greek word analysis.

And again, The Lord knoweth the thoughts of the wise, that they are vain.

1 Corinthians 3:20 · KJV


Context

18

Let no man deceive himself. If any man among you seemeth to be wise in this world, let him become a fool, that he may be wise.

19

For the wisdom of this world is foolishness with God. For it is written, He taketh the wise in their own craftiness.

20

And again, The Lord knoweth the thoughts of the wise, that they are vain.

21

Therefore let no man glory in men. For all things are yours;

22

Whether Paul, or Apollos, or Cephas, or the world, or life, or death, or things present, or things to come; all are yours;


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
And again, The Lord knoweth the thoughts of the wise, that they are vain (ματαιοί εἰσιν, mataioi eisin)—Paul quotes Psalm 94:11 (slightly adapted). Mataioi (μάταιοι) means empty, futile, leading nowhere—the same term used in Ecclesiastes for 'vanity' (hebel, vapor/mist). God knows (γινώσκει, ginōskei)—not merely intellectually comprehends but experientially sees through—the dialogismous (διαλογισμούς, reasonings) of the wise.

Worldly wisdom's futility isn't obvious to practitioners—sophisticates believe their philosophies profound, their strategies effective. But divine omniscience penetrates pretense: God sees human wisdom as vapor, insubstantial and temporary. This echoes Ecclesiastes' verdict after exhaustive pursuit of wisdom, pleasure, and accomplishment: 'all is vanity' (Ecclesiastes 1:2). Only wisdom beginning with 'fear of the Lord' has substance (Proverbs 9:10). Paul's double quotation (verses 19-20) from different OT books reinforces the point: Scripture uniformly testifies that fallen human wisdom, however brilliant, is ultimately empty and will be overthrown.

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Historical & Cultural Context

Psalm 94 is a prayer for justice against oppressors who think themselves too clever for divine accountability. The psalmist asserts God sees through human schemes. Paul applies this to intellectual arrogance: the Corinthians' prized philosophical sophistication is as empty as the wicked plots in Psalm 94—both are 'vain' (futile) before God's omniscient gaze.

Reflection Questions

  1. What 'thoughts' or strategies that seemed wise have proven 'vain' (empty, futile) in your life?
  2. How does knowing that 'the Lord knows' your inmost reasonings humble intellectual pride and encourage honest dependence?
  3. What wisdom traditions or intellectual movements today are widely celebrated but likely 'vain' from God's eternal perspective?

Original Language Analysis

Greek · 11 words
καὶ1 of 11

And

G2532

and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words

πάλιν2 of 11

again

G3825

(adverbially) anew, i.e., (of place) back, (of time) once more, or (conjunctionally) furthermore or on the other hand

Κύριος3 of 11

The Lord

G2962

supreme in authority, i.e., (as noun) controller; by implication, master (as a respectful title)

γινώσκει4 of 11

knoweth

G1097

to "know" (absolutely) in a great variety of applications and with many implications (as follow, with others not thus clearly expressed)

τοὺς5 of 11
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

διαλογισμοὺς6 of 11

the thoughts

G1261

discussion, i.e., (internal) consideration (by implication, purpose), or (external) debate

τῶν7 of 11
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

σοφῶν8 of 11

of the wise

G4680

wise (in a most general application)

ὅτι9 of 11

that

G3754

demonstrative, that (sometimes redundant); causative, because

εἰσὶν10 of 11

they are

G1526

they are

μάταιοι11 of 11

vain

G3152

empty, i.e., (literally) profitless, or (specially), an idol


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of 1 Corinthians. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

1 Corinthians 3:20 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to 1 Corinthians 3:20 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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