About Proverbs

Proverbs is a collection of practical wisdom for daily living, teaching that the fear of the Lord is the foundation of all true knowledge and wise conduct.

Author: Solomon and othersWritten: c. 970-700 BCReading time: ~4 minVerses: 28
WisdomFear of the LordRighteousnessFamilySpeechWork

King James Version

Proverbs 25

28 verses with commentary

More Proverbs of Solomon: Proverbs About Kings

These are also proverbs of Solomon, which the men of Hezekiah king of Judah copied out.

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KJV Study Commentary

These proverbs of Solomon were 'copied out' by Hezekiah's men. This verse reveals the canonical process—God's Word was preserved and compiled through human agency under divine providence. Hezekiah (716-686 BC) pursued spiritual reform (2 Kings 18:3-6), including recovering and preserving Scripture. Reformed theology affirms God's providential preservation of His Word through history. The Bible is ...
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Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

**XXV.** 7.THE THIRD GREAT DIVISION OF THE BOOK; ANOTHER COLLECTION OF SOLOMONIC PROVERBS, CHIEFLY PARABOLIC IN CHARACTER (Proverbs 25-29). (1) **These are also proverbs of Solomon, which the men of Hezekiah copied out.—**To this time they had existed, it may be, partly by oral tradition, partly in writing, but now Hezekiah, in his anxiety to preserve these sacred memorials of the past, had them c...
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Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

**6. ways--**(Psa 1:1). **acknowledge--**by seeking His wise aid (Pr 16:3; Psa 37:5; Jr 9:23, 24). **direct--**literally, "make plain" (compare He 12:13).

It is the glory of God to conceal a thing: but the honour of kings is to search out a matter.

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KJV Study Commentary

God's glory is to 'conceal a thing,' but kings' honor is to 'search out a matter.' The Hebrew 'satar' (conceal) and 'chaqar' (search/investigate) create a dynamic: God reveals truth progressively, requiring human seeking. This reflects revelation's nature—God discloses Himself, but understanding requires diligent study. Reformed theology values both God's revelatory initiative and our responsibili...
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Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(2) **It is the glory of God to conceal a thing.—**For the more we search into the mysteries of nature or revelation, the more do we discover depths of which we had no idea before. God has so ordered things that man may not presume *to *measure himself with his Maker, but may recognise his own insignificance. (Comp. Romans 11:33, *ff*.) **But the honour of kings is to search out a matter.**—To see...
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Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

7. (Compare Pr 27:2; Ro 12:16). **fear ... evil--**reverentially regarding His law.

The heaven for height, and the earth for depth, and the heart of kings is unsearchable. is: Heb. there is no searching

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KJV Study Commentary

Heaven's height, earth's depth, and 'the heart of kings are unsearchable.' The Hebrew 'ein cheqer' (unsearchable/without investigation) applies natural mysteries to human complexity, especially rulers' hearts. This counsels humility—we cannot fully know others' motives or thoughts, particularly those in power. Reformed theology affirms God alone searches hearts (Jeremiah 17:10). This verse warns a...
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Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(3) **The heart of kings is unsearchable.—**A warning, it may be, against presuming upon the favour of a king from thinking that one knows all that is in his mind. (Comp. Proverbs 23:1-2.)

Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

**8. It--**This conduct. **health--**(Compare Margin). **to thy navel--**for all the organs of nourishment. **marrow--**(Compare Margin). **bones--**frame of body. True piety promotes bodily health.

Take away the dross from the silver, and there shall come forth a vessel for the finer.

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KJV Study Commentary

Remove dross from silver to produce a vessel for the refiner. Dross (Hebrew 'sig') refers to impurities that must be removed to create pure, usable metal. This is a metaphor for spiritual purification. Reformed theology sees sanctification as God's refining work, removing sin's dross to form us into vessels for noble use (2 Timothy 2:21). This process is often painful but necessary. As precious me...
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Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(4) **And there shall come forth a vessel for the finer.—Or, ***So there results a vessel to the refiner, *or silversmith. He is able to make one.

Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

9-10. (Compare Pr 11:25; Ex 23:19; De 18:4; Is 32:8; 2Co 9:13).

Take away the wicked from before the king, and his throne shall be established in righteousness.

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KJV Study Commentary

Removing the wicked from the king's presence establishes his throne in righteousness. This applies the metallurgical metaphor politically: just as dross must be removed from silver, so wicked counselors must be removed from government. A king surrounded by righteous advisors will reign righteously; wicked counselors corrupt even good kings. Reformed political theology emphasizes that godly governa...
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Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(5) **His throne shall be established in righteousness—**whereas violence and wrong pull it down. (Jeremiah 21:12; Jeremiah 22:3, *sqq.*; Zechariah 7:9, *sqq.*)

Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

9-10. (Compare Pr 11:25; Ex 23:19; De 18:4; Is 32:8; 2Co 9:13).

Put not forth thyself in the presence of the king, and stand not in the place of great men: Put: Heb. Set not out thy glory

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KJV Study Commentary

Don't promote yourself before the king, nor stand in the place of great men. The Hebrew 'hadar' (glorify/honor yourself) and 'maqom' (place/position) warn against presumptuous self-advancement. Humility waits for promotion; pride demands it. This verse teaches that honor received is better than honor seized. Those who promote themselves appear foolish when proper authority doesn't recognize their ...
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Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

11-12. The true intent of afflictions considered; they do not contradict the assertion of the blessed state of the pious (Job 5:17; He 12:5, 6).

For better it is that it be said unto thee, Come up hither; than that thou shouldest be put lower in the presence of the prince whom thine eyes have seen.

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KJV Study Commentary

Better to be told 'Come up here' than humiliated before nobles. The Hebrew 'alah' (go up/ascend) versus 'shaphel' (be made low/humiliated) describes honor versus shame. Humility that's later exalted experiences greater glory than pride that's publicly humiliated. Tactical wisdom joins moral virtue here: humility is both right and smart. Pride brings fall; humility brings honor. This anticipates Ja...
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Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(7) **In the presence of the prince whom thine eyes have seen,** and whose place thou hast shamelessly taken. The same lesson was repeated by our Lord in Luke 14:10, *sqq., and *enforced on the ground of His own example. (Matthew 20:25, *sqq.*)

Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

11-12. The true intent of afflictions considered; they do not contradict the assertion of the blessed state of the pious (Job 5:17; He 12:5, 6).

Go not forth hastily to strive, lest thou know not what to do in the end thereof, when thy neighbour hath put thee to shame.

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KJV Study Commentary

Don't hastily go to court, lest you not know what to do when your neighbor shames you. The Hebrew 'yahtsa' (go out) to 'riyb' (legal dispute) warns against impulsive litigation. Hasty lawsuits often backfire. Before initiating conflict, ensure you can sustain it. What appears as your neighbor's clear wrong might prove complicated under examination. Wisdom requires patient evaluation before legal a...
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Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(8) **When thy neighbour hath put thee to shame.**—Proved thee to be in the wrong, and won his cause against thee.

Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

**13. findeth--**literally, "reaches," or "obtains by seeking." **getteth--**literally, "draws out," as metals by digging.

Debate thy cause with thy neighbour himself; and discover not a secret to another: a secret: or, the secret of

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KJV Study Commentary

Debate your case with your neighbor privately; don't reveal another's secret. The Hebrew 'riyb' (dispute/plead) and 'galah sowd' (reveal secret/expose confidence) commands private resolution before public exposure. If offended, confront privately first. Don't gossip or expose secrets during disputes. This wisdom protects both parties' reputations while seeking resolution. Jesus taught identically:...
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Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(9) **Debate thy cause with thy neighbour.—**As our Lord says, “If thy brother trespass against thee, go and tell him his fault between thee and him alone” (Matthew 18:15). Or it may mean, “If you must go to law with another, do not drag others into the matter by disclosing their secrets in order to help your cause.

Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

14-15. The figure of Pr 3:13 carried out. **it--**that is, wisdom. **merchandise of silver--**acquisition by trading. **fine gold--**dug gold, solid as a nugget.

Lest he that heareth it put thee to shame, and thine infamy turn not away.

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KJV Study Commentary

Lest the hearer reproach you, and your infamy not turn away. The Hebrew 'chasad' (reproach/put to shame) and 'dibah' (infamy/evil report) describe reputational damage from revealed secrets. If you expose others' secrets in disputes, hearers will distrust you - if you revealed their secret, you'll reveal mine. Trustworthiness requires confidence-keeping. Those who expose secrets lose others' trust....
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Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(10) **Lest he that heareth it put thee to shame.**—Lest he cry shame upon thee for thy treachery, and thine infamy be not forgotten.

Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

14-15. The figure of Pr 3:13 carried out. **it--**that is, wisdom. **merchandise of silver--**acquisition by trading. **fine gold--**dug gold, solid as a nugget.

A word fitly spoken is like apples of gold in pictures of silver. fitly: Heb. spoken upon his wheels

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KJV Study Commentary

A word fitly spoken is like apples of gold in settings of silver. The Hebrew 'davar' (word/matter) and 'al ophnayv' (on its wheels/aptly) describe perfectly timed, appropriately crafted speech. Beautiful imagery: golden apples in silver settings - aesthetically perfect, valuable, artfully arranged. Right words at right time are similarly beautiful and valuable. This verse celebrates skillful commu...
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Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(11) **A word fitly spoken.—**Or, it may be, *at the proper time. *(Comp. Proverbs 15:23.) **Apples of gold in pictures of silver.—**Probably golden-coloured apples are meant, or fruit of the same tint, such as pomegranates, citrons, or oranges. “Pictures” of silver probably means “figures,” *i.e., *baskets or dishes of ornamental work.

Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

16-17. Wisdom personified as bringing the best blessings (compare Mt 6:33; 1Ti 4:8).

As an earring of gold, and an ornament of fine gold, so is a wise reprover upon an obedient ear.

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KJV Study Commentary

A wise reprover to an obedient ear is like a gold earring or ornament of fine gold. The Hebrew 'yakach' (reprove/correct) and 'shama' (hearing/obedient) describe receptive response to correction. When correction is wise and hearer receptive, beautiful relationship results - valuable as golden jewelry. This verse celebrates both skillful correction and humble receptivity. The beauty isn't in confli...
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Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

16-17. Wisdom personified as bringing the best blessings (compare Mt 6:33; 1Ti 4:8).

As the cold of snow in the time of harvest, so is a faithful messenger to them that send him: for he refresheth the soul of his masters.

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KJV Study Commentary

A faithful messenger to his senders is like snow's cold in harvest time - refreshing to his masters. The Hebrew 'emuwnah' (faithfulness/reliability) and 'tsir' (messenger/ambassador) describe trustworthy communication. The snow imagery: harvest occurred in hot season; cold snow was refreshing relief. Similarly, faithful messenger refreshes those who sent him - reliable information, accurate report...
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Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(13) **As the cold of snow in the time of harvest.**—Not a snowstorm, as this would be a calamity (Proverbs 26:1), but snow employed to cool drinks in the summer heats. The use of this was probably familiar to Solomon in his summer palace at Lebanon (1Kings 9:19). The peasants of Lebanon are said now to store up snow in the clefts of the mountain, and convey it in summer to Damascus and the coast ...
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Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

18. Wisdom allegorized as **a tree of life--**(Ge 2:9; 3:22) whose fruit preserves life, gives all that makes living a blessing.

Whoso boasteth himself of a false gift is like clouds and wind without rain. of a: Heb. in a gift of falsehood

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KJV Study Commentary

Whoever boasts of gifts never given is like clouds and wind without rain. The Hebrew 'hithalel' (boast/praise oneself) and 'matan sheqer' (false gift/lying donation) describe empty promises. The imagery: clouds and wind promise rain but deliver nothing. Drought-stricken farmers' disappointment when promising clouds pass without rain illustrates promise-breakers' effect. Those who commit but don't ...
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Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(14) **Whoso boasteth himself of a false gift—***i.e., *talks loudly of what he is going to do for another, and then does nothing. **Clouds and wind.—**Generally followed by heavy rain, (Comp. 1Kings 18:45.)

Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

19-20. The place of wisdom in the economy of creation and providence commends it to men, who, in proportion to their finite powers, may possess this invaluable attribute, and are thus encouraged by the divine example of its use to seek its possession.

By long forbearing is a prince persuaded, and a soft tongue breaketh the bone.

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KJV Study Commentary

By patience a ruler is persuaded, and a gentle tongue breaks bones. The Hebrew 'erekh aph' (long of nostrils/patient) and 'lashon rakah' (soft/gentle tongue) versus 'shavar etsem' (break bone) creates striking contrast. Gentle persistence accomplishes what force cannot. Patience and gentleness persuade even resistant authority. The bone-breaking imagery: soft tongue achieves what seems impossible ...
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Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

19-20. The place of wisdom in the economy of creation and providence commends it to men, who, in proportion to their finite powers, may possess this invaluable attribute, and are thus encouraged by the divine example of its use to seek its possession.

Hast thou found honey? eat so much as is sufficient for thee, lest thou be filled therewith, and vomit it.

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KJV Study Commentary

Found honey? Eat only enough; lest you be full and vomit it. The Hebrew 'devash' (honey) and 'sava' (satisfied/full to excess) warns against overindulgence. Even good things become harmful in excess. Honey represents pleasure and sweetness - desirable but dangerous if overdone. This verse teaches moderation: enjoy good gifts without gluttony. Temperance applies to all pleasures, even legitimate on...
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Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(16) **Hast thou found honey?—**A common occurrence in Palestine, where swarms of wild bees abounded in the woods. (Comp. Judges 14:8; 1Samuel 14:27.) Hence came the expression of a “land flowing with (milk and) honey.”

Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

**21. sound wisdom--**(compare Pr 2:7). **let ... eyes--**that is, these words of instruction.

Withdraw thy foot from thy neighbour's house; lest he be weary of thee, and so hate thee. Withdraw: or, Let thy foot be seldom in weary: Heb. full of thee

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KJV Study Commentary

Withdraw your foot from your neighbor's house, lest he weary of you and hate you. The Hebrew 'yaqar' (rare/precious/honor) your foot and 'quwts' (loathe/be grieved) warns against overstaying welcome. Even good friendships need space. Constant presence breeds contempt; appropriate distance maintains appreciation. This verse teaches relational wisdom: respect boundaries, don't overstay, give space. ...
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Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

22-24. assign reasons in their value for happiness and ornament, guidance and support in dangers, both when waking and sleeping.

A man that beareth false witness against his neighbour is a maul, and a sword, and a sharp arrow.

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KJV Study Commentary

A man bearing false witness against his neighbor is like a club, sword, or sharp arrow. The Hebrew 'ed sheqer' (false witness) and weapons imagery emphasize destructive power. False testimony devastates like physical weapons. Lies injure profoundly - destroying reputations, relationships, lives. The ninth commandment ('Thou shalt not bear false witness') protects against this violence. Speech can ...
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Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(18) **A maul—***i.e.*, *hammer, *connected with “malleus” and “mallet.” A false witness is as mischievous as the most deadly weapons.

Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

22-24. assign reasons in their value for happiness and ornament, guidance and support in dangers, both when waking and sleeping.

Confidence in an unfaithful man in time of trouble is like a broken tooth, and a foot out of joint.

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KJV Study Commentary

Confidence in an unfaithful person in trouble is like a broken tooth or lame foot. The Hebrew 'batach' (trust/confidence) in 'boghed' (treacherous/unfaithful) creates vivid imagery. Broken tooth and lame foot: both fail when needed most. Tooth breaks when chewing; foot fails when walking. Similarly, unfaithful people fail when you most need them. This warns: evaluate others' faithfulness before cr...
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Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

22-24. assign reasons in their value for happiness and ornament, guidance and support in dangers, both when waking and sleeping.

As he that taketh away a garment in cold weather, and as vinegar upon nitre, so is he that singeth songs to an heavy heart.

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KJV Study Commentary

Singing songs to a heavy heart is like taking away garments in cold or vinegar on soda. The Hebrew 'shir shiyr' (sing songs) to 'lev ra' (evil/sad heart) creates dissonance. The imagery: removing warmth when cold, adding acid to alkali (creating harsh reaction). Inappropriate cheerfulness to someone grieving is insensitive. Wisdom requires matching response to situation. Romans 12:15 commands: 'Re...
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Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(20) **As vinegar upon nitre, **by which the nitre is rendered useless. **Is he that singeth songs to an heavy heart.—**Not the true sympathy advised by St. Paul. (Romans 12:15.)

Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

**25. Be not--**or, "You shall not be." **sudden fear--**what causes it (Pr 1:27), any unlooked-for evil (Psa 46:3; 91:12; 1Pe 3:14). **desolation--**(Pr 1:27).

If thine enemy be hungry, give him bread to eat; and if he be thirsty, give him water to drink:

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KJV Study Commentary

This proverb commands enemy-love: 'If thine enemy be hungry, give him bread to eat; and if he be thirsty, give him water to drink.' Rather than revenge or indifference toward enemies, provide for their basic needs. Verse 22 adds motivation: 'For thou shalt heap coals of fire upon his head, and the LORD shall reward thee.' The 'coals of fire' likely represents shame that may lead to repentance—kind...
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Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

26. The reason; such as are objects of God's favor. **be thy confidence--**literally, "in thy confidence," in the source of thy strength (compare Na 3:9, for the same construction, Hebrew).

For thou shalt heap coals of fire upon his head, and the LORD shall reward thee.

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KJV Study Commentary

If your enemy is hungry, feed him; if thirsty, give him drink. For you'll heap coals of fire on his head, and the LORD will reward you. The Hebrew 'oyeb' (enemy/hater) and 'gachelet esh' (coals of fire) create striking image. Respond to enemies with kindness, not retaliation. The 'coals of fire' likely means producing shame/conviction in enemy's conscience, potentially leading to repentance. God r...
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Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(22) **Thou shalt heap coals of fire on his head.**—Thou shalt make him burn with shame at the thought of the wrong he has done thee. Thus, to bring a sinner to repentance is well-pleasing to the Lord, who shall reward thee for it. This is better far than to indulge resentment, which must bring sorrow to oneself, punishment from God—whose prerogative of vengeance (Romans 12:19) has been usurped—an...
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Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

27-28. Promptly fulfil all obligations both of justice and charity (compare Jas 2:15, 16).

The north wind driveth away rain: so doth an angry countenance a backbiting tongue. driveth: or, bringeth forth rain: so doth a backbiting tongue an angry countenance

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KJV Study Commentary

The north wind brings forth rain; a backbiting tongue brings angry looks. The Hebrew 'chuwl' (brings forth/births) and 'ragan' (whisper/slander) describes gossip's inevitable consequences. Meteorological observation becomes moral lesson: gossip produces anger as surely as north wind produces rain. Cause-effect relationship is predictable. If you gossip, expect angry response when discovered. Sland...
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Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(23) **The north wind driveth away rain.—**The marginal rendering is probably more correct: “The north wind bringeth forth rain;*” *but as this seems to be opposed to Job 37:22, it has been thought that the north-west, which is a rainy wind, must be intended here. **So doth an angry countenance a backbiting tongue**.—Rather, *So doth a backbiting tongue *(*bring forth, or cause*)* troubled faces.*

Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

27-28. Promptly fulfil all obligations both of justice and charity (compare Jas 2:15, 16).

It is better to dwell in the corner of the housetop, than with a brawling woman and in a wide house.

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KJV Study Commentary

Better to dwell in a corner of the housetop than share a house with a contentious woman. The Hebrew 'pinnah gag' (corner of roof) and 'midyanim' (contentions/strife) create stark contrast. Small uncomfortable space alone beats spacious house with constant conflict. Peace is more valuable than comfort; tranquility than luxury. This applies to all contentious relationships - peaceful poverty beats p...
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Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(24) **It is better to dwell in the corner of the housetop.**—See above on Proverbs 21:9.

Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

29-30. Do not abuse confidence and avoid litigation.

As cold waters to a thirsty soul, so is good news from a far country.

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KJV Study Commentary

<strong>As cold waters to a thirsty soul, so is good news from a far country</strong>—The Hebrew <em>mayim qarim</em> (cold waters) evokes the refreshment of mountain-fed springs in Palestine's arid climate. The phrase <strong>good news</strong> (<em>shemu'ah tovah</em>) literally means 'a good report' or 'glad tidings.'<br><br>The comparison operates on sensory and emotional levels: physical thir...
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Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(25) **Good news from a far country.—**This is suggestive of the little communication which in old times took place between distant countries.

Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

29-30. Do not abuse confidence and avoid litigation.

A righteous man falling down before the wicked is as a troubled fountain, and a corrupt spring.

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KJV Study Commentary

As cold water to a thirsty soul, so is good news from a far country. The Hebrew 'mayim qar' (cold water) and 'shemuw`ah towb' (good news/report) creates beautiful imagery. Cold water to the thirsty brings intense refreshment and relief. Similarly, good news from distant loved ones refreshes the soul. This verse celebrates communication's power to comfort and encourage. In ancient world without rap...
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Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(26) **A righteous man falling down before the wicked **. . .—The mouth of the righteous was described (Proverbs 10:11) as a “well of life,” from the comfort and refreshment it brings to the weary- through the just and kindly counsel it offers. But if the righteous man yields to the pressure put upon him by the wicked, and through fear or favour gives up his principles, then he can no longer give ...
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Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

**31. oppressor--**or man of mischief. The destiny of successful evildoers warns against desiring their lot (Psa 37:1, 2, 35, 36).

It is not good to eat much honey: so for men to search their own glory is not glory.

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KJV Study Commentary

It's not good to eat much honey; seeking one's own glory is not glory. The Hebrew 'devash' (honey) and 'kavod' (glory/honor) warns against excess. Repeating v.16's honey warning, this verse adds parallel: seeking honor destroys it. Self-glorification is self-defeating - those who seek glory lose it; those who seek God's glory receive honor. Humility brings exaltation; pride brings humiliation. Thi...
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Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(27) **So for men to search their own glory is not glory.**—The sense of this passage is very doubtful. It may mean, “But to search into difficult matters is an honour.” Self-indulgence and study are here contrasted.

Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

32-35. Reasons for the warning. **froward--**(Pr 2:15). **secret ... righteous--**in their communion (Am 3:7).

He that hath no rule over his own spirit is like a city that is broken down, and without walls.

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KJV Study Commentary

Whoever has no rule over his spirit is like a city broken down without walls. The Hebrew 'ma`tsar ruach' (restraint of spirit/self-control) and 'ir perutsah' (broken city without walls) creates vivid imagery. Ancient cities depended on walls for protection; broken walls meant vulnerability to every enemy. Similarly, lack of self-control leaves person vulnerable to every temptation. Self-discipline...
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Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(28) **Like a city that is broken down, and without walls.**—Exposed to the assault of every temptation. Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers Text Courtesy of BibleSupport.com. Used by Permission. Bible Hub

Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

32-35. Reasons for the warning. **froward--**(Pr 2:15). **secret ... righteous--**in their communion (Am 3:7).

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