About 1 Chronicles

1 Chronicles retells Israel's history from Adam to David, emphasizing the temple, worship, and the Davidic covenant for the returned exiles.

Author: Ezra (traditionally)Written: c. 450-400 BCReading time: ~2 minVerses: 19
GenealogyTempleWorshipDavidic LineDivine FaithfulnessPreparation

King James Version

1 Chronicles 19

19 verses with commentary

War with the Ammonites and Arameans

Now it came to pass after this, that Nahash the king of the children of Ammon died, and his son reigned in his stead.

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KJV Study Commentary

<strong>Theological Analysis:</strong> This passage falls within the section on Ammonite war - David's continued conquests. The Hebrew term <em>מִלְחָמָה (milchamah) - war/battle</em> is theologically significant here, pointing to God fights for His people. The Chronicler's narrative, while paralleling Samuel-Kings in places, offers a distinct theological perspective emphasizing temple worship, Le...
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Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(1) **Now it came to pass after this.**—The same phrase as at 1Chronicles 18:1; it has no chronological significance (see Note there). The conflict with Ammon, which has been glanced at in 1Chronicles 18:11, is now to be described at length (1Chronicles 19:1 to 1Chronicles 20:3), and in connection therewith the overthrow of Hadadezer (1Chronicles 18:3-8) is again related, with additional details.

Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

**13. Shallum--**or Shillem (Ge 46:24). **sons of Bilhah--**As Dan and Naphtali were her sons, Hushim, as well as these enumerated in 1Ch 7:13, were her grandsons. 1Ch 7:14-40. Of Manasseh.

Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

Chapter 19 Chapter Outline Hezekiah receives an answer of peace.(1-7) Sennacherib's letter.(8-19) His fall is prophesied.(20-34) The Assyrian army destroyed, Sennacherib slain.(35-37) **Verses 1-7** Hezekiah discovered deep concern at the dishonour done to God by Rabshakeh's blasphemy. Those who speak from God to us, we should in a particular manner desire to speak to God...
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And David said, I will shew kindness unto Hanun the son of Nahash, because his father shewed kindness to me. And David sent messengers to comfort him concerning his father. So the servants of David came into the land of the children of Ammon to Hanun, to comfort him.

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KJV Study Commentary

<strong>Theological Analysis:</strong> This passage falls within the section on Ammonite war - David's continued conquests. The Hebrew term <em>מִלְחָמָה (milchamah) - war/battle</em> is theologically significant here, pointing to God fights for His people. The Chronicler's narrative, while paralleling Samuel-Kings in places, offers a distinct theological perspective emphasizing temple worship, Le...
Read full commentary →

Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(2) **Nahash** Samuel omits, but adds “Hanun.” The omissions in each are perhaps accidental. Saul’s first campaign was against Nahash (1 Samuel 11). **Children of Ammon.**—Sons of Ammon, like “sons of Israel.” The title calls attention to their tribal organisation. **Because.**—*For.* Samuel, “according as.” **Shewed kindness to me.**—The Hebrew phrase, which answers to the Greek of Luke 1:72. (Se...
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Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

**14-15. The sons of Manasseh--**or descendants; for Ashriel was a grandson, and Zelophehad was a generation farther removed in descent (Nu 26:33). The text, as it stands, is so confused and complicated that it is exceedingly difficult to trace the genealogical thread, and a great variety of conjectures have been made with a view to clear away the obscurity. The passage [1Ch 7:14, 15] should proba...
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Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

Chapter 19 Chapter Outline Hezekiah receives an answer of peace.(1-7) Sennacherib's letter.(8-19) His fall is prophesied.(20-34) The Assyrian army destroyed, Sennacherib slain.(35-37) **Verses 1-7** Hezekiah discovered deep concern at the dishonour done to God by Rabshakeh's blasphemy. Those who speak from God to us, we should in a particular manner desire to speak to God...
Read full commentary →

But the princes of the children of Ammon said to Hanun, Thinkest thou that David doth honour thy father, that he hath sent comforters unto thee? are not his servants come unto thee for to search, and to overthrow, and to spy out the land? Thinkest: Heb. In thine eyes doth David, etc

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KJV Study Commentary

<strong>Theological Analysis:</strong> This passage falls within the section on Ammonite war - David's continued conquests. The Hebrew term <em>מִלְחָמָה (milchamah) - war/battle</em> is theologically significant here, pointing to God fights for His people. The Chronicler's narrative, while paralleling Samuel-Kings in places, offers a distinct theological perspective emphasizing temple worship, Le...
Read full commentary →

Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(3) **Are not his servants come . . . for to search, and to overthrow, and to spy out the land?**—Literally, *Is it not for to search* . . . *that his* *servants are come unto thee?* This is hardly an improvement on Samuel: “Is it not to search the city (Rabbath-Ammon, the capital), and to spy it out, and to overthrow it, that David hath sent his servants unto thee?” The Syriac and Arabic agree wi...
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Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

**14-15. The sons of Manasseh--**or descendants; for Ashriel was a grandson, and Zelophehad was a generation farther removed in descent (Nu 26:33). The text, as it stands, is so confused and complicated that it is exceedingly difficult to trace the genealogical thread, and a great variety of conjectures have been made with a view to clear away the obscurity. The passage [1Ch 7:14, 15] should proba...
Read full commentary →

Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

Chapter 19 Chapter Outline Hezekiah receives an answer of peace.(1-7) Sennacherib's letter.(8-19) His fall is prophesied.(20-34) The Assyrian army destroyed, Sennacherib slain.(35-37) **Verses 1-7** Hezekiah discovered deep concern at the dishonour done to God by Rabshakeh's blasphemy. Those who speak from God to us, we should in a particular manner desire to speak to God...
Read full commentary →

Wherefore Hanun took David's servants, and shaved them, and cut off their garments in the midst hard by their buttocks, and sent them away.

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KJV Study Commentary

<strong>Theological Analysis:</strong> This passage falls within the section on Ammonite war - David's continued conquests. The Hebrew term <em>מִלְחָמָה (milchamah) - war/battle</em> is theologically significant here, pointing to God fights for His people. The Chronicler's narrative, while paralleling Samuel-Kings in places, offers a distinct theological perspective emphasizing temple worship, Le...
Read full commentary →

Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(4) **Shaved them**—*i.e.,* the half of their beards (Samuel). **Hard by their buttocks.**—Literally, *unto the extremities.* The chronicler has substituted a more decorous term for the one which appears in Samuel. **Cut off their garments.**—To look like captives (Isaiah 20:4).

Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

Chapter 19 Chapter Outline Hezekiah receives an answer of peace.(1-7) Sennacherib's letter.(8-19) His fall is prophesied.(20-34) The Assyrian army destroyed, Sennacherib slain.(35-37) **Verses 1-7** Hezekiah discovered deep concern at the dishonour done to God by Rabshakeh's blasphemy. Those who speak from God to us, we should in a particular manner desire to speak to God...
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Then there went certain, and told David how the men were served. And he sent to meet them: for the men were greatly ashamed. And the king said, Tarry at Jericho until your beards be grown, and then return.

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KJV Study Commentary

<strong>Theological Analysis:</strong> This passage falls within the section on Ammonite war - David's continued conquests. The Hebrew term <em>מִלְחָמָה (milchamah) - war/battle</em> is theologically significant here, pointing to God fights for His people. The Chronicler's narrative, while paralleling Samuel-Kings in places, offers a distinct theological perspective emphasizing temple worship, Le...
Read full commentary →

Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(5) **Ashamed.**—Not the usual term (*bôsh*)*,* but a stronger word, *confounded* (*niklam;* properly, *pricked, wounded*)*.* (Comp. Psalm 35:4. where it forms a climax to the other.) **Be grown.**—*Sprout,* or *shoot* (Judges 16:22, of Samson’s hair). **Jericho** lay on their road to the capital.

Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

Chapter 19 Chapter Outline Hezekiah receives an answer of peace.(1-7) Sennacherib's letter.(8-19) His fall is prophesied.(20-34) The Assyrian army destroyed, Sennacherib slain.(35-37) **Verses 1-7** Hezekiah discovered deep concern at the dishonour done to God by Rabshakeh's blasphemy. Those who speak from God to us, we should in a particular manner desire to speak to God...
Read full commentary →

And when the children of Ammon saw that they had made themselves odious to David, Hanun and the children of Ammon sent a thousand talents of silver to hire them chariots and horsemen out of Mesopotamia, and out of Syriamaachah , and out of Zobah. odious: Heb. to stink

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KJV Study Commentary

<strong>Theological Analysis:</strong> This passage falls within the section on Ammonite war - David's continued conquests. The Hebrew term <em>מִלְחָמָה (milchamah) - war/battle</em> is theologically significant here, pointing to God fights for His people. The Chronicler's narrative, while paralleling Samuel-Kings in places, offers a distinct theological perspective emphasizing temple worship, Le...
Read full commentary →

Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(6) **And when the children of Ammon.**—Up to this point the narrative has substantially coincided with 2 Samuel 10, and might have been derived immediately from it; but this and the following verses differ considerably from the older account, and add one or two material facts, which suggest another source. **Made themselves odious.**—“Had become in bad odonr.” A unique (Aramaized) form of the sam...
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Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

Chapter 19 Chapter Outline Hezekiah receives an answer of peace.(1-7) Sennacherib's letter.(8-19) His fall is prophesied.(20-34) The Assyrian army destroyed, Sennacherib slain.(35-37) **Verses 1-7** Hezekiah discovered deep concern at the dishonour done to God by Rabshakeh's blasphemy. Those who speak from God to us, we should in a particular manner desire to speak to God...
Read full commentary →

So they hired thirty and two thousand chariots, and the king of Maachah and his people; who came and pitched before Medeba. And the children of Ammon gathered themselves together from their cities, and came to battle.

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KJV Study Commentary

<strong>Theological Analysis:</strong> This passage falls within the section on Ammonite war - David's continued conquests. The Hebrew term <em>מִלְחָמָה (milchamah) - war/battle</em> is theologically significant here, pointing to God fights for His people. The Chronicler's narrative, while paralleling Samuel-Kings in places, offers a distinct theological perspective emphasizing temple worship, Le...
Read full commentary →

Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(7) **So they hired thirty and two thousand chariots, and the king of Maachah and his people.**—The account which the chronicler has followed here did not state the relative strength of the contingents, yet its estimate of the total number of the allied forces is in substantial accord with that of Samuel. The chronicler puts the total at 32,000 + the Maachathite contingent; Samuel at 32,000 + 1,00...
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Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

Chapter 19 Chapter Outline Hezekiah receives an answer of peace.(1-7) Sennacherib's letter.(8-19) His fall is prophesied.(20-34) The Assyrian army destroyed, Sennacherib slain.(35-37) **Verses 1-7** Hezekiah discovered deep concern at the dishonour done to God by Rabshakeh's blasphemy. Those who speak from God to us, we should in a particular manner desire to speak to God...
Read full commentary →

And when David heard of it, he sent Joab, and all the host of the mighty men.

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KJV Study Commentary

<strong>Theological Analysis:</strong> This passage falls within the section on Ammonite war - David's continued conquests. The Hebrew term <em>מִלְחָמָה (milchamah) - war/battle</em> is theologically significant here, pointing to God fights for His people. The Chronicler's narrative, while paralleling Samuel-Kings in places, offers a distinct theological perspective emphasizing temple worship, Le...
Read full commentary →

Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(8) **All the host of the mighty men.**—So the Hebrew text. The Hebrew margin and Samuel read “all the host,” viz., the mighty men. The “mighty men” (*gibbôrîm*) were a special corps. (Comp. 1Samuel 23:13; 1Samuel 27:8; 2Samuel 2:3; 2Samuel 16:6; 1Kings 1:8.) Either, then, the term has a general sense here, or we must read, “and the mighty men.”

Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

**Verses 8-19** Prayer is the never-failing resource of the tempted Christian, whether struggling with outward difficulties or inward foes. At the mercy-seat of his almighty Friend he opens his heart, spreads his case, like Hezekiah, and makes his appeal. When he can discern that the glory of God is engaged on his side, faith gains the victory, and he rejoices that he shall never be moved. The...
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And the children of Ammon came out, and put the battle in array before the gate of the city: and the kings that were come were by themselves in the field.

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KJV Study Commentary

<strong>Theological Analysis:</strong> This passage falls within the section on Ammonite war - David's continued conquests. The Hebrew term <em>מִלְחָמָה (milchamah) - war/battle</em> is theologically significant here, pointing to God fights for His people. The Chronicler's narrative, while paralleling Samuel-Kings in places, offers a distinct theological perspective emphasizing temple worship, Le...
Read full commentary →

Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(9) **Before the gate of the city.**—Literally, *in* *the outlet of the city.* Samuel has “in the outlet of the gate.” The city appears to have been Medeba (1Chronicles 19:7). **And the kings that were come.**—Samuel repeats the names: “And Aram-zobah and Rehob, and the men of Tôb and Maachah.” **Were.**—Rather, *put the battle in array* (to be supplied from the former sentence). **In the field.**...
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Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

**21. whom the men of Gath ... slew, &amp;c.--**This interesting little episode gives us a glimpse of the state of Hebrew society in Egypt; for the occurrence narrated seems to have taken place before the Israelites left that country. The patriarch Ephraim was then alive, though he must have arrived at a very advanced age; and the Hebrew people, at all events those of them who were his descendants...
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Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

**Verses 8-19** Prayer is the never-failing resource of the tempted Christian, whether struggling with outward difficulties or inward foes. At the mercy-seat of his almighty Friend he opens his heart, spreads his case, like Hezekiah, and makes his appeal. When he can discern that the glory of God is engaged on his side, faith gains the victory, and he rejoices that he shall never be moved. The...
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Now when Joab saw that the battle was set against him before and behind, he chose out of all the choice of Israel, and put them in array against the Syrians. the battle: Heb. the face of the battle was choice: or, young men

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KJV Study Commentary

<strong>Theological Analysis:</strong> This passage falls within the section on Ammonite war - David's continued conquests. The Hebrew term <em>מִלְחָמָה (milchamah) - war/battle</em> is theologically significant here, pointing to God fights for His people. The Chronicler's narrative, while paralleling Samuel-Kings in places, offers a distinct theological perspective emphasizing temple worship, Le...
Read full commentary →

Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(10) **The battle was set against him before and behind.**—Literally, *the front of the battle had become towards him, front and rear.* The order of words is different in Samuel, and a preposition added (“on front and on rear”). The Ammonites lay in front of the city, their Aramæan allies at some distance away, in the plain. For Joab to attack either with his entire army would have been to expose ...
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Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

**Verses 8-19** Prayer is the never-failing resource of the tempted Christian, whether struggling with outward difficulties or inward foes. At the mercy-seat of his almighty Friend he opens his heart, spreads his case, like Hezekiah, and makes his appeal. When he can discern that the glory of God is engaged on his side, faith gains the victory, and he rejoices that he shall never be moved. The...
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And the rest of the people he delivered unto the hand of Abishai his brother, and they set themselves in array against the children of Ammon. Abishai: Heb. Abshai

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KJV Study Commentary

<strong>Theological Analysis:</strong> This passage falls within the section on Ammonite war - David's continued conquests. The Hebrew term <em>מִלְחָמָה (milchamah) - war/battle</em> is theologically significant here, pointing to God fights for His people. The Chronicler's narrative, while paralleling Samuel-Kings in places, offers a distinct theological perspective emphasizing temple worship, Le...
Read full commentary →

Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(11) **They sot themselves in array.**—Samuel, singular, as in 1Chronicles 19:10.

Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

**Verses 8-19** Prayer is the never-failing resource of the tempted Christian, whether struggling with outward difficulties or inward foes. At the mercy-seat of his almighty Friend he opens his heart, spreads his case, like Hezekiah, and makes his appeal. When he can discern that the glory of God is engaged on his side, faith gains the victory, and he rejoices that he shall never be moved. The...
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And he said, If the Syrians be too strong for me, then thou shalt help me: but if the children of Ammon be too strong for thee, then I will help thee.

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KJV Study Commentary

<strong>Theological Analysis:</strong> This passage falls within the section on Ammonite war - David's continued conquests. The Hebrew term <em>מִלְחָמָה (milchamah) - war/battle</em> is theologically significant here, pointing to God fights for His people. The Chronicler's narrative, while paralleling Samuel-Kings in places, offers a distinct theological perspective emphasizing temple worship, Le...
Read full commentary →

Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(12) Literally, *If Aram, prevail over me, thou shalt become to me for succour.* The word “succour” here is *tĕshû‘āh,* a less frequent synonym of *yĕshû‘āh,* the term in Samuel. **I will help** (succour) **thee.**—Samuel, “I will march to succour thee.” This verb is often rendered “to save,” and the cognate noun, “salvation.”

Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

**Verses 8-19** Prayer is the never-failing resource of the tempted Christian, whether struggling with outward difficulties or inward foes. At the mercy-seat of his almighty Friend he opens his heart, spreads his case, like Hezekiah, and makes his appeal. When he can discern that the glory of God is engaged on his side, faith gains the victory, and he rejoices that he shall never be moved. The...
Read full commentary →

Be of good courage, and let us behave ourselves valiantly for our people, and for the cities of our God: and let the LORD do that which is good in his sight.

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KJV Study Commentary

<strong>Theological Analysis:</strong> This passage falls within the section on Ammonite war - David's continued conquests. The Hebrew term <em>מִלְחָמָה (milchamah) - war/battle</em> is theologically significant here, pointing to God fights for His people. The Chronicler's narrative, while paralleling Samuel-Kings in places, offers a distinct theological perspective emphasizing temple worship, Le...
Read full commentary →

Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(13) **Be of good courage.**—The same verb was rendered “be strong” in 1Chronicles 19:12. **Let us behave ourselves valiantly.**—The same verb again, in reflexive form. Thus the whole runs literally: *Be strong, and let us shew ourselves strong!* **And let the Lord do** **. . .**—Literally, *And Jehovah*—*the good in his own eyes may he do!* The order in the Hebrew of Samuel is that of the Authori...
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Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

**Verses 8-19** Prayer is the never-failing resource of the tempted Christian, whether struggling with outward difficulties or inward foes. At the mercy-seat of his almighty Friend he opens his heart, spreads his case, like Hezekiah, and makes his appeal. When he can discern that the glory of God is engaged on his side, faith gains the victory, and he rejoices that he shall never be moved. The...
Read full commentary →

So Joab and the people that were with him drew nigh before the Syrians unto the battle; and they fled before him.

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KJV Study Commentary

<strong>Theological Analysis:</strong> This passage falls within the section on Ammonite war - David's continued conquests. The Hebrew term <em>מִלְחָמָה (milchamah) - war/battle</em> is theologically significant here, pointing to God fights for His people. The Chronicler's narrative, while paralleling Samuel-Kings in places, offers a distinct theological perspective emphasizing temple worship, Le...
Read full commentary →

Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(14) **Before the Syrians.**—Rather, *against Aram;* so Samuel, with the more classical construction. The preposition used here was rendered *to meet* (1Chronicles 12:17).

Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

**Verses 8-19** Prayer is the never-failing resource of the tempted Christian, whether struggling with outward difficulties or inward foes. At the mercy-seat of his almighty Friend he opens his heart, spreads his case, like Hezekiah, and makes his appeal. When he can discern that the glory of God is engaged on his side, faith gains the victory, and he rejoices that he shall never be moved. The...
Read full commentary →

And when the children of Ammon saw that the Syrians were fled, they likewise fled before Abishai his brother, and entered into the city. Then Joab came to Jerusalem.

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KJV Study Commentary

<strong>Theological Analysis:</strong> This passage falls within the section on Ammonite war - David's continued conquests. The Hebrew term <em>מִלְחָמָה (milchamah) - war/battle</em> is theologically significant here, pointing to God fights for His people. The Chronicler's narrative, while paralleling Samuel-Kings in places, offers a distinct theological perspective emphasizing temple worship, Le...
Read full commentary →

Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(15) **And when the children of Amnion saw.**—The Hebrew construction is quite different from that of 1Chronicles 19:6. Render, *Now the sons of Ammon had seen that Aram was routed.* **They likewise.**—An explanatory addition to the text, as read in Samuel. So also “his brother.” **Then Joab** **came . . .**—Abridged. (Comp. Samuel.)

Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

**Verses 8-19** Prayer is the never-failing resource of the tempted Christian, whether struggling with outward difficulties or inward foes. At the mercy-seat of his almighty Friend he opens his heart, spreads his case, like Hezekiah, and makes his appeal. When he can discern that the glory of God is engaged on his side, faith gains the victory, and he rejoices that he shall never be moved. The...
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And when the Syrians saw that they were put to the worse before Israel, they sent messengers, and drew forth the Syrians that were beyond the river: and Shophach the captain of the host of Hadarezer went before them. river: i.that is, Euphrates Shophach: or, Shobach.2Sam.10.16

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KJV Study Commentary

<strong>Theological Analysis:</strong> This passage falls within the section on Ammonite war - David's continued conquests. The Hebrew term <em>מִלְחָמָה (milchamah) - war/battle</em> is theologically significant here, pointing to God fights for His people. The Chronicler's narrative, while paralleling Samuel-Kings in places, offers a distinct theological perspective emphasizing temple worship, Le...
Read full commentary →

Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(16-19) The last effort of the Arameans. They are defeated, and become vassals to David. (16) **They sent messengers.**—Samuel, “Hadarezer sent and drew forth” (literally, *made to come out: i.e.,* to war, 1Chronicles 20:1). The name “Hadarezer” (Hadadezer) is important, as helping us to identify this campaign with that of 1Chronicles 18:3-8. **Beyond the river.**—The Euphrates, called Purât, Purâ...
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Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

**Verses 8-19** Prayer is the never-failing resource of the tempted Christian, whether struggling with outward difficulties or inward foes. At the mercy-seat of his almighty Friend he opens his heart, spreads his case, like Hezekiah, and makes his appeal. When he can discern that the glory of God is engaged on his side, faith gains the victory, and he rejoices that he shall never be moved. The...
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And it was told David; and he gathered all Israel, and passed over Jordan, and came upon them, and set the battle in array against them. So when David had put the battle in array against the Syrians, they fought with him.

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KJV Study Commentary

<strong>Theological Analysis:</strong> This passage falls within the section on Ammonite war - David's continued conquests. The Hebrew term <em>מִלְחָמָה (milchamah) - war/battle</em> is theologically significant here, pointing to God fights for His people. The Chronicler's narrative, while paralleling Samuel-Kings in places, offers a distinct theological perspective emphasizing temple worship, Le...
Read full commentary →

Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(17) **Came upon them.**—Samuel, “came to Hêlâm.” The chronicler seems to have substituted an intelligible phrase for the name of an unknown locality. Professor Sayce has suggested to the writer that this mysterious Helam is no other than Aleppo, the *Halman* of the Assyrian monuments. **Upon them . . . against them.**—Literally, *unto them* (*’alêhem*)*.* The Hebrew term, “to Helam” (*Helâmah*)*,...
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Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

**Verses 8-19** Prayer is the never-failing resource of the tempted Christian, whether struggling with outward difficulties or inward foes. At the mercy-seat of his almighty Friend he opens his heart, spreads his case, like Hezekiah, and makes his appeal. When he can discern that the glory of God is engaged on his side, faith gains the victory, and he rejoices that he shall never be moved. The...
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But the Syrians fled before Israel; and David slew of the Syrians seven thousand men which fought in chariots, and forty thousand footmen , and killed Shophach the captain of the host.

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KJV Study Commentary

<strong>Theological Analysis:</strong> This passage falls within the section on Ammonite war - David's continued conquests. The Hebrew term <em>מִלְחָמָה (milchamah) - war/battle</em> is theologically significant here, pointing to God fights for His people. The Chronicler's narrative, while paralleling Samuel-Kings in places, offers a distinct theological perspective emphasizing temple worship, Le...
Read full commentary →

Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(18) **Seven thousand men which fought in chariots, and forty thousand footmen.**—Heb., *seven thousand chariotry* (*rèkeb*)*,* &c. Samuel reads, “seven hundred chariots, and forty thousand horse-men.” Such deviations seem to indicate independent sources. We can hardly choose between the two accounts; but “horsemen” may be more correct than “footmen.” (See 1Chronicles 18:4-5.) **And killed Shophac...
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Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

**Verses 8-19** Prayer is the never-failing resource of the tempted Christian, whether struggling with outward difficulties or inward foes. At the mercy-seat of his almighty Friend he opens his heart, spreads his case, like Hezekiah, and makes his appeal. When he can discern that the glory of God is engaged on his side, faith gains the victory, and he rejoices that he shall never be moved. The...
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And when the servants of Hadarezer saw that they were put to the worse before Israel, they made peace with David, and became his servants: neither would the Syrians help the children of Ammon any more.

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KJV Study Commentary

<strong>Theological Analysis:</strong> This passage falls within the section on Ammonite war - David's continued conquests. The Hebrew term <em>מִלְחָמָה (milchamah) - war/battle</em> is theologically significant here, pointing to God fights for His people. The Chronicler's narrative, while paralleling Samuel-Kings in places, offers a distinct theological perspective emphasizing temple worship, Le...
Read full commentary →

Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(19) **And when the servants of Hadarezer.**—Samuel is fuller and clearer: “And all the kings, servants of Hadarezer.” The tributaries of Hadadezer now transferred their fealty to David. **They made peace with David.**—Samuel, “with Israel.” **And became** **his servants.**—Literally, *and served him.* Samuel, “and served them.” To the writer of Samuel God’s people is the main topic; to the chroni...
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Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

**Verses 8-19** Prayer is the never-failing resource of the tempted Christian, whether struggling with outward difficulties or inward foes. At the mercy-seat of his almighty Friend he opens his heart, spreads his case, like Hezekiah, and makes his appeal. When he can discern that the glory of God is engaged on his side, faith gains the victory, and he rejoices that he shall never be moved. The...
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