King James Version

What Does Romans 9:27 Mean?

Romans 9:27 in the King James Version says “Esaias also crieth concerning Israel, Though the number of the children of Israel be as the sand of the sea, a remnant s... — study this verse from Romans chapter 9 with commentary, cross-references, and original Greek word analysis.

Esaias also crieth concerning Israel, Though the number of the children of Israel be as the sand of the sea, a remnant shall be saved:

Romans 9:27 · KJV


Context

25

As he saith also in Osee, I will call them my people, which were not my people; and her beloved, which was not beloved.

26

And it shall come to pass, that in the place where it was said unto them, Ye are not my people; there shall they be called the children of the living God.

27

Esaias also crieth concerning Israel, Though the number of the children of Israel be as the sand of the sea, a remnant shall be saved:

28

For he will finish the work, and cut it short in righteousness: because a short work will the Lord make upon the earth. the work: or, the account

29

And as Esaias said before, Except the Lord of Sabaoth had left us a seed, we had been as Sodoma, and been made like unto Gomorrha.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
Esaias also crieth concerning Israel, Though the number of the children of Israel be as the sand of the sea, a remnant shall be saved—Paul quotes Isaiah 10:22. The verb krazei (κράζει, 'cries out') suggests urgent proclamation. The contrast: hōs hē ammos tēs thalassēs (ὡς ἡ ἄμμος τῆς θαλάσσης, 'as the sand of the sea') vs. to hupoleimma (τὸ ὑπόλειμμα, 'the remnant'). Abrahamic promise included numerical multiplication (Genesis 22:17), yet only a remnant experiences salvation.

The remnant doctrine pervades Scripture: only Noah's family (Genesis 7), only Caleb/Joshua from the exodus generation (Numbers 14:30), 7,000 who didn't bow to Baal (1 Kings 19:18, quoted in 11:4). The majority perishes; the minority is saved. This is election within Israel—'not all Israel which are of Israel' (v. 6). The same principle of sovereign grace operates in both testaments. The smallness of the remnant magnifies grace: salvation doesn't depend on majority vote but God's choice.

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Historical & Cultural Context

Isaiah prophesied judgment and remnant during 8th century BC Assyrian crisis. Only a fraction survived exile. Paul applies this to first-century Israel: most rejected Messiah; a remnant (Jewish Christians like Paul, Peter, the Twelve, thousands in Jerusalem) believed. The pattern continues: true believers are always a remnant.

Reflection Questions

  1. Why is the remnant always small—what does this teach about the nature of saving grace?
  2. How does the remnant doctrine humble ethnic/national pride and magnify election?
  3. What comfort is there in belonging to the remnant (even if small) vs. the majority?

Original Language Analysis

Greek · 21 words
Ἠσαΐας1 of 21

Esaias

G2268

hesaias (i.e., jeshajah), an israelite

δὲ2 of 21

also

G1161

but, and, etc

κράζει3 of 21

crieth

G2896

properly, to "croak" (as a raven) or scream, i.e., (genitive case) to call aloud (shriek, exclaim, intreat)

ὑπὲρ4 of 21

concerning

G5228

"over", i.e., (with the genitive case) of place, above, beyond, across, or causal, for the sake of, instead, regarding; with the accusative case super

τοῦ5 of 21
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

Ἰσραὴλ6 of 21

Israel

G2474

israel (i.e., jisrael), the adopted name of jacob, including his descendants (literally or figuratively)

Ἐὰν7 of 21

Though

G1437

a conditional particle; in case that, provided, etc.; often used in connection with other particles to denote indefiniteness or uncertainty

8 of 21

be

G5600

(may, might, can, could, would, should, must, etc.; also with g1487 and its comparative, as well as with other particles) be

9 of 21
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

ἀριθμὸς10 of 21

the number

G706

a number (as reckoned up)

τῶν11 of 21
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

υἱῶν12 of 21

of the children

G5207

a "son" (sometimes of animals), used very widely of immediate, remote or figuratively, kinship

Ἰσραὴλ13 of 21

Israel

G2474

israel (i.e., jisrael), the adopted name of jacob, including his descendants (literally or figuratively)

ὡς14 of 21

as

G5613

which how, i.e., in that manner (very variously used, as follows)

15 of 21
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

ἄμμος16 of 21

the sand

G285

sand (as heaped on the beach)

τῆς17 of 21
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

θαλάσσης18 of 21

of the sea

G2281

the sea (genitive case or specially)

τὸ19 of 21
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

κατάλειμμα20 of 21

a remnant

G2640

a remainder, i.e., (by implication) a few

σωθήσεται·21 of 21

shall be saved

G4982

to save, i.e., deliver or protect (literally or figuratively)


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Romans. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Romans 9:27 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Romans 9:27 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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