King James Version

What Does Romans 5:3 Mean?

Romans 5:3 in the King James Version says “And not only so, but we glory in tribulations also: knowing that tribulation worketh patience; — study this verse from Romans chapter 5 with commentary, cross-references, and original Greek word analysis.

And not only so, but we glory in tribulations also: knowing that tribulation worketh patience;

Romans 5:3 · KJV


Context

1

Therefore being justified by faith, we have peace with God through our Lord Jesus Christ:

2

By whom also we have access by faith into this grace wherein we stand, and rejoice in hope of the glory of God.

3

And not only so, but we glory in tribulations also: knowing that tribulation worketh patience;

4

And patience, experience; and experience, hope:

5

And hope maketh not ashamed; because the love of God is shed abroad in our hearts by the Holy Ghost which is given unto us.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
And not only so, but we glory in tribulations also (ἀλλὰ καὶ καυχώμεθα ἐν ταῖς θλίψεσιν)—the same verb 'boast/rejoice' now takes the startling object of tribulations (θλίψεσιν, thlipsesin), a term denoting crushing pressure, affliction, persecution. This is neither masochism nor Stoic resignation but eschatological confidence: present sufferings are birth pangs of coming glory (8:18).

Knowing that tribulation worketh patience—the participle εἰδότες (eidotes, 'knowing') indicates settled conviction, not mere speculation. The divine pedagogy proceeds: θλῖψις (thlipsis, tribulation) produces ὑπομονή (hypomonē, patient endurance), not passive resignation but active perseverance. James 1:2-4 and 1 Peter 1:6-7 develop this same theology of sanctified suffering.

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

For the Roman church facing increasing hostility under Nero (who would launch systematic persecution in AD 64), Paul's theology of suffering was intensely practical. The empire valued conquest and glory through military might; Paul proclaimed glory through suffering with Christ. This inversion of worldly values echoed Jesus's teaching that losing one's life gains it (Mark 8:35) and His beatitudes pronouncing blessing on the persecuted (Matthew 5:10-12).

Reflection Questions

  1. What prevents you from 'glorying in tribulations'—lack of faith in God's purposes or misunderstanding of suffering's role?
  2. How can you distinguish between suffering that produces patience and suffering that results from foolishness or sin?
  3. In what current trial might God be working to develop patient endurance in your character?

Original Language Analysis

Greek · 15 words
οὐ1 of 15

not

G3756

the absolute negative (compare g3361) adverb; no or not

μόνον2 of 15

only

G3440

merely

δέ3 of 15

And

G1161

but, and, etc

ἀλλὰ4 of 15

so but

G235

properly, other things, i.e., (adverbially) contrariwise (in many relations)

καὶ5 of 15

also

G2532

and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words

καυχώμεθα6 of 15

we glory

G2744

to vaunt (in a good or a bad sense)

ἐν7 of 15

in

G1722

"in," at, (up-)on, by, etc

ταῖς8 of 15
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

θλῖψις9 of 15

tribulation

G2347

pressure (literally or figuratively)

εἰδότες10 of 15

knowing

G1492

used only in certain past tenses, the others being borrowed from the equivalent g3700 and g3708; properly, to see (literally or figuratively); by impl

ὅτι11 of 15

that

G3754

demonstrative, that (sometimes redundant); causative, because

12 of 15
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

θλῖψις13 of 15

tribulation

G2347

pressure (literally or figuratively)

ὑπομονὴν14 of 15

patience

G5281

cheerful (or hopeful) endurance, constancy

κατεργάζεται15 of 15

worketh

G2716

to work fully, i.e., accomplish; by implication, to finish, fashion


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Romans. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Romans 5:3 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Romans 5:3 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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