King James Version

What Does Psalms 78:59 Mean?

Psalms 78:59 in the King James Version says “When God heard this, he was wroth, and greatly abhorred Israel: — study this verse from Psalms chapter 78 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

When God heard this, he was wroth, and greatly abhorred Israel:

Psalms 78:59 · KJV


Context

57

But turned back, and dealt unfaithfully like their fathers: they were turned aside like a deceitful bow.

58

For they provoked him to anger with their high places, and moved him to jealousy with their graven images.

59

When God heard this, he was wroth, and greatly abhorred Israel:

60

So that he forsook the tabernacle of Shiloh, the tent which he placed among men;

61

And delivered his strength into captivity, and his glory into the enemy's hand.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
When God heard this, he was wroth, and greatly abhorred Israel. The temporal clause When God heard emphasizes divine awareness—idolatry doesn't go unnoticed. Wroth (vaya'avor, וַיַּעֲבֹר) literally means 'He passed over in wrath,' describing overwhelming anger. Greatly abhorred (vayyim'as me'od, וַיִּמְאַס מְאֹד) means intense rejection or disgust—God utterly repudiated covenant-breaking Israel.

This anthropopathic language (attributing human emotions to God) reveals moral reality—sin genuinely offends divine holiness. God's wrath isn't arbitrary rage but holy response to evil. The intensifier greatly (me'od, מְאֹד) emphasizes the severity of divine rejection. Israel experienced what it means to be cast away from God's presence.

Yet this verse prepares for grace—God's abhorrence leads to discipline (vv. 60-64), which ultimately serves redemptive purposes. Divine wrath in the Old Testament often functions as severe mercy, designed to bring repentance. Only at the cross does God's wrath fall fully and finally—on His Son as substitute (Romans 3:25-26).

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

Specific judgments likely referenced include the Philistine capture of the ark at Shiloh (1 Samuel 4), defeat at Aphek, and ongoing oppression during the judges period. God's 'abhorrence' manifested in military defeat, foreign oppression, and eventually exile—covenant curses promised for disobedience (Leviticus 26, Deuteronomy 28).

Reflection Questions

  1. How should believers balance understanding God's wrath against sin with His love for sinners?
  2. What does it mean that Jesus absorbed God's full abhorrence of sin at the cross on behalf of believers?
  3. How can churches recover healthy fear of God's holiness without falling into legalistic terror?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 6 words
שָׁמַ֣ע1 of 6

heard

H8085

to hear intelligently (often with implication of attention, obedience, etc.; causatively, to tell, etc.)

אֱ֭לֹהִים2 of 6

When God

H430

gods in the ordinary sense; but specifically used (in the plural thus, especially with the article) of the supreme god; occasionally applied by way of

וַֽיִּתְעַבָּ֑ר3 of 6

this he was wroth

H5674

to cross over; used very widely of any transition (literal or figurative; transitive, intransitive, intensive, causative); specifically, to cover (in

וַיִּמְאַ֥ס4 of 6

abhorred

H3988

to spurn; also (intransitively) to disappear

מְ֝אֹ֗ד5 of 6

and greatly

H3966

properly, vehemence, i.e., (with or without preposition) vehemently; by implication, wholly, speedily, etc. (often with other words as an intensive or

בְּיִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃6 of 6

Israel

H3478

he will rule as god; jisral, a symbolical name of jacob; also (typically) of his posterity


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Psalms. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Psalms 78:59 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Psalms 78:59 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

Test Your Knowledge

Continue Your Study