King James Version

What Does Psalms 78:58 Mean?

Psalms 78:58 in the King James Version says “For they provoked him to anger with their high places, and moved him to jealousy with their graven images. — study this verse from Psalms chapter 78 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

For they provoked him to anger with their high places, and moved him to jealousy with their graven images.

Psalms 78:58 · KJV


Context

56

Yet they tempted and provoked the most high God, and kept not his testimonies:

57

But turned back, and dealt unfaithfully like their fathers: they were turned aside like a deceitful bow.

58

For they provoked him to anger with their high places, and moved him to jealousy with their graven images.

59

When God heard this, he was wroth, and greatly abhorred Israel:

60

So that he forsook the tabernacle of Shiloh, the tent which he placed among men;


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
For they provoked him to anger with their high places, and moved him to jealousy with their graven images. The causative For explains Israel's treachery—idolatry, the ultimate covenant violation. High places (bamot, בָּמוֹת) were elevated worship sites, often Canaanite shrines Israel adopted for syncretistic worship. They provoked him to anger (vakhi'isuhu, וַיַּכְעִיסוּהוּ), using vocabulary of intense emotional response to betrayal.

Moved him to jealousy (yakni'uhu, יַקְנִיאוּהוּ) employs marital language—God's jealousy isn't petty envy but righteous zeal for exclusive relationship. He is 'a jealous God' (El kanna, אֵל קַנָּא, Exodus 20:5) who refuses to share affection with idols. Graven images (pesilim, פְּסִילִים) were carved idols, direct violations of the second commandment.

This verse exposes idolatry's heinousness—it's spiritual adultery against a faithful husband. Israel took God's gifts (the land, prosperity) and used them to worship other deities. Paul later identifies covetousness as idolatry (Colossians 3:5), showing that any rival affection provokes divine jealousy.

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Historical & Cultural Context

Throughout the judges and monarchy periods, Israel struggled with Baal and Asherah worship, often integrating pagan practices with Yahweh worship. The high places remained a snare even under some godly kings (1 Kings 15:14, 22:43). God's jealousy eventually expressed itself in Assyrian (722 BC) and Babylonian (586 BC) exile.

Reflection Questions

  1. What modern 'high places' (culturally acceptable idolatries) tempt believers to syncretistic worship?
  2. How should understanding God's jealousy as marital devotion rather than petty envy affect your worship?
  3. What heart idols (career, comfort, approval) might you need to 'cast out' from your personal 'high places'?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 4 words
וַיַּכְעִיס֥וּהוּ1 of 4

For they provoked him to anger

H3707

to trouble; by implication, to grieve, rage, be indignant

בְּבָמוֹתָ֑ם2 of 4

with their high places

H1116

an elevation

וּ֝בִפְסִילֵיהֶ֗ם3 of 4

with their graven images

H6456

an idol

יַקְנִיאֽוּהוּ׃4 of 4

and moved him to jealousy

H7065

to be (causatively, make) zealous, i.e., (in a bad sense) jealous or envious


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Psalms. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Psalms 78:58 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Psalms 78:58 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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