King James Version

What Does Psalms 78:17 Mean?

Psalms 78:17 in the King James Version says “And they sinned yet more against him by provoking the most High in the wilderness. — study this verse from Psalms chapter 78 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

And they sinned yet more against him by provoking the most High in the wilderness.

Psalms 78:17 · KJV


Context

15

He clave the rocks in the wilderness, and gave them drink as out of the great depths.

16

He brought streams also out of the rock, and caused waters to run down like rivers.

17

And they sinned yet more against him by provoking the most High in the wilderness.

18

And they tempted God in their heart by asking meat for their lust.

19

Yea, they spake against God; they said, Can God furnish a table in the wilderness? furnish: Heb. order


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
And they sinned yet more against him by provoking the most High in the wilderness—the Hebrew yāsap (yet more) intensifies the indictment: despite escalating miracles, Israel escalated rebellion. The term mārah (provoking) means to embitter or rebel, the root of Marah where bitter water was sweetened (Exodus 15:23) and Meribah where they tested God (Exodus 17:7).

Stephen's speech recounts this pattern: 'Our fathers refused to obey... and in their hearts they turned back to Egypt' (Acts 7:39). Hebrews 3:7-19 warns Christians not to repeat Israel's unbelief: 'Today, if you hear his voice, do not harden your hearts as in the rebellion.' Sin's deceitfulness hardens through repeated exposure (Hebrews 3:13).

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Historical & Cultural Context

The wilderness period catalogued multiple rebellions: golden calf (Exodus 32), Taberah (Numbers 11:1-3), Kibroth-hattaavah (Numbers 11:4-34), Kadesh (Numbers 14), Korah's revolt (Numbers 16). Each miracle was met with fresh unbelief.

Reflection Questions

  1. How do you recognize the pattern of 'sinning yet more' despite experiencing God's faithfulness?
  2. What wilderness temptation repeatedly provokes you to embitter your heart against God's timing?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 7 words
וַיּוֹסִ֣יפוּ1 of 7

yet more

H3254

to add or augment (often adverbial, to continue to do a thing)

ע֭וֹד2 of 7
H5750

properly, iteration or continuance; used only adverbially (with or without preposition), again, repeatedly, still, more

לַחֲטֹא3 of 7

And they sinned

H2398

properly, to miss; hence (figuratively and generally) to sin; by inference, to forfeit, lack, expiate, repent, (causatively) lead astray, condemn

ל֑וֹ4 of 7
H0
לַֽמְר֥וֹת5 of 7

against him by provoking

H4784

to be (causatively, make) bitter (or unpleasant); (figuratively) to rebel (or resist; causatively, to provoke)

עֶ֝לְי֗וֹן6 of 7

the most High

H5945

an elevation, i.e., (adjectively) lofty (comparatively); as title, the supreme

בַּצִּיָּֽה׃7 of 7

in the wilderness

H6723

aridity; concretely, a desert


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Psalms. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Psalms 78:17 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Psalms 78:17 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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