King James Version

What Does Psalms 78:19 Mean?

Psalms 78:19 in the King James Version says “Yea, they spake against God; they said, Can God furnish a table in the wilderness? furnish: Heb. order — study this verse from Psalms chapter 78 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

Yea, they spake against God; they said, Can God furnish a table in the wilderness? furnish: Heb. order

Psalms 78:19 · KJV


Context

17

And they sinned yet more against him by provoking the most High in the wilderness.

18

And they tempted God in their heart by asking meat for their lust.

19

Yea, they spake against God; they said, Can God furnish a table in the wilderness? furnish: Heb. order

20

Behold, he smote the rock, that the waters gushed out, and the streams overflowed; can he give bread also? can he provide flesh for his people?

21

Therefore the LORD heard this, and was wroth: so a fire was kindled against Jacob, and anger also came up against Israel;


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
Yea, they spake against God; they said, Can God furnish a table in the wilderness?—the rhetorical question exposes functional atheism: Israel intellectually affirmed YHWH's existence while practically doubting His ability. The phrase 'ārak šulḥān (furnish a table) means to arrange a formal banquet, not merely provide sustenance. They wanted Egyptian luxury, not covenant manna.

This doubting question contrasts sharply with David's confident declaration: 'Thou preparest a table before me in the presence of mine enemies' (Psalm 23:5). What Israel thought impossible—God hosting a feast in hostile territory—becomes the believer's assured experience. Jesus transforms this wilderness table into the Eucharist, the 'true bread from heaven' (John 6:32-35) that manna only prefigured.

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Historical & Cultural Context

Israel's 'table in the wilderness' demand came after witnessing the Red Sea crossing, Marah's healing, manna provision, and water from rock—approximately two years of miracles. Yet abundance didn't produce faith; it exposed the heart's idolatry.

Reflection Questions

  1. What circumstances make you question whether God 'can' provide, despite His proven track record?
  2. How does Communion remind you that God sets a table even in your wilderness seasons?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 8 words
וַֽיְדַבְּר֗וּ1 of 8

Yea they spake

H1696

perhaps properly, to arrange; but used figuratively (of words), to speak; rarely (in a destructive sense) to subdue

בֵּֽאלֹ֫הִ֥ים2 of 8

against God

H430

gods in the ordinary sense; but specifically used (in the plural thus, especially with the article) of the supreme god; occasionally applied by way of

אָ֭מְרוּ3 of 8

they said

H559

to say (used with great latitude)

הֲי֣וּכַל4 of 8

Can

H3201

to be able, literally (can, could) or morally (may, might)

אֵ֑ל5 of 8

God

H410

strength; as adjective, mighty; especially the almighty (but used also of any deity)

לַעֲרֹ֥ךְ6 of 8

furnish

H6186

to set in a row, i.e., arrange, put in order (in a very wide variety of applications)

שֻׁ֝לְחָ֗ן7 of 8

a table

H7979

a table (as spread out); by implication, a meal

בַּמִּדְבָּֽר׃8 of 8

in the wilderness

H4057

a pasture (i.e., open field, whither cattle are driven); by implication, a desert


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Psalms. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Psalms 78:19 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Psalms 78:19 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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