King James Version

What Does Psalms 130:3 Mean?

Psalms 130:3 in the King James Version says “If thou, LORD, shouldest mark iniquities, O Lord, who shall stand? — study this verse from Psalms chapter 130 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

If thou, LORD, shouldest mark iniquities, O Lord, who shall stand?

Psalms 130:3 · KJV


Context

1

A Song of degrees. Out of the depths have I cried unto thee, O LORD.

2

Lord, hear my voice: let thine ears be attentive to the voice of my supplications.

3

If thou, LORD, shouldest mark iniquities, O Lord, who shall stand?

4

But there is forgiveness with thee, that thou mayest be feared.

5

I wait for the LORD, my soul doth wait, and in his word do I hope.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
A rhetorical question poses universal human condition: 'If thou, LORD, shouldest mark iniquities, O LORD, who shall stand?' The conditional 'if' introduces a hypothetical that assumes reality - God COULD mark (record, observe, hold accountable for) sins. The word 'mark' (Hebrew 'shamar') means to keep, guard, preserve - here suggesting maintaining a record of wrongs. 'Iniquities' (Hebrew 'avonot') refers to perversity, guilt, moral twistedness - serious sins, not mere mistakes. The repetition 'LORD...O LORD' emphasizes the one to whom the question is addressed. The question 'who shall stand?' expects the answer 'no one.' To 'stand' means to remain upright, be vindicated, survive judgment - if God strictly marks all sin, no human can remain innocent or acceptable. This verse establishes the impossibility of salvation by works or human merit. All need mercy.

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Historical & Cultural Context

The rhetorical question reflects biblical anthropology - all have sinned (1 Kings 8:46; Ecclesiastes 7:20; Romans 3:23). If God judged strictly according to law without grace, none could be saved. This theological truth undergirds the need for atonement, sacrifice, and ultimately Christ's work. The question prepares for verse 4's declaration of forgiveness.

Reflection Questions

  1. Why does the psalmist ask this as question rather than stating 'no one can stand'?
  2. What does it mean for God to 'mark' iniquities versus forgive them?
  3. How does this verse expose the futility of attempting to earn salvation through works?
  4. What is the significance of 'who shall stand' - what would standing before God require?
  5. How does recognizing universal guilt drive us to seek mercy rather than justice?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 7 words
אִם1 of 7
H518

used very widely as demonstrative, lo!; interrogative, whether?; or conditional, if, although; also oh that!, when; hence, as a negative, not

עֲוֹנ֥וֹת2 of 7

iniquities

H5771

perversity, i.e., (moral) evil

תִּשְׁמָר3 of 7

shouldest mark

H8104

properly, to hedge about (as with thorns), i.e., guard; generally, to protect, attend to, etc

יָ֑הּ4 of 7

If thou LORD

H3050

jah, the sacred name

אֲ֝דֹנָ֗י5 of 7

O Lord

H136

the lord (used as a proper name of god only)

מִ֣י6 of 7
H4310

who? (occasionally, by a peculiar idiom, of things); also (indefinitely) whoever; often used in oblique construction with prefix or suffix

יַעֲמֹֽד׃7 of 7

who shall stand

H5975

to stand, in various relations (literal and figurative, intransitive and transitive)


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Psalms. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Psalms 130:3 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Psalms 130:3 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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