King James Version

What Does Psalms 105:41 Mean?

Psalms 105:41 in the King James Version says “He opened the rock, and the waters gushed out; they ran in the dry places like a river. — study this verse from Psalms chapter 105 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

He opened the rock, and the waters gushed out; they ran in the dry places like a river.

Psalms 105:41 · KJV


Context

39

He spread a cloud for a covering; and fire to give light in the night.

40

The people asked, and he brought quails, and satisfied them with the bread of heaven.

41

He opened the rock, and the waters gushed out; they ran in the dry places like a river.

42

For he remembered his holy promise, and Abraham his servant.

43

And he brought forth his people with joy, and his chosen with gladness: gladness: Heb. singing


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
This verse recounts the water from the rock at Horeb (Exodus 17:1-7) and later at Kadesh (Numbers 20:1-13). 'He opened the rock' uses pathach (פָּתַח), meaning to open or split. 'Waters gushed out' (zarab, זָרַב) means to flow or stream forth abundantly. The waters 'ran in the dry places like a river' shows the abundance and continuity of supply. Paul identifies this rock as a type of Christ: 'they drank from the spiritual rock that followed them, and that rock was Christ' (1 Corinthians 10:4). The struck rock prefigures Christ struck in judgment for our sin, from whom flows the water of life (John 7:37-39).

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

The rock-water miracle occurred twice: first at Rephidim/Horeb (Exodus 17) and later at Kadesh (Numbers 20). In the second instance, Moses struck the rock in anger rather than speaking to it as commanded, costing him entry into the Promised Land. This severe judgment shows the importance of precisely obeying God's word, especially regarding types of Christ. The rock was a constant reminder of God's provision throughout wilderness wandering.

Reflection Questions

  1. How does water from a struck rock prefigure salvation through Christ's suffering?
  2. What does the abundance of water in a desert teach about God's sufficient provision?
  3. Why was Moses's alteration of God's command (striking vs. speaking) so severely judged?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 7 words
פָּ֣תַח1 of 7

He opened

H6605

to open wide (literally or figuratively); specifically, to loosen, begin, plough, carve

צ֭וּר2 of 7

the rock

H6697

properly, a cliff (or sharp rock, as compressed); generally, a rock or boulder; figuratively, a refuge; also an edge (as precipitous)

וַיָּז֣וּבוּ3 of 7

gushed out

H2100

to flow freely (as water), i.e., (specifically) to have a (sexual) flux; figuratively, to waste away; also to overflow

מָ֑יִם4 of 7

and the waters

H4325

water; figuratively, juice; by euphemism, urine, semen

הָ֝לְכ֗וּ5 of 7

they ran

H1980

to walk (in a great variety of applications, literally and figuratively)

בַּצִּיּ֥וֹת6 of 7

in the dry places

H6723

aridity; concretely, a desert

נָהָֽר׃7 of 7

like a river

H5104

a stream (including the sea; expectation the nile, euphrates, etc.); figuratively, prosperity


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Psalms. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Psalms 105:41 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Psalms 105:41 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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