King James Version

What Does Proverbs 29:2 Mean?

Proverbs 29:2 in the King James Version says “When the righteous are in authority, the people rejoice: but when the wicked beareth rule, the people mourn. in: or, inc... — study this verse from Proverbs chapter 29 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

When the righteous are in authority, the people rejoice: but when the wicked beareth rule, the people mourn. in: or, increased

Proverbs 29:2 · KJV


Context

1

He, that being often reproved hardeneth his neck, shall suddenly be destroyed, and that without remedy. He: Heb. A man of reproofs

2

When the righteous are in authority, the people rejoice: but when the wicked beareth rule, the people mourn. in: or, increased

3

Whoso loveth wisdom rejoiceth his father: but he that keepeth company with harlots spendeth his substance.

4

The king by judgment establisheth the land: but he that receiveth gifts overthroweth it. he: Heb. a man of oblations


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
When the righteous 'are in authority, the people rejoice,' but when the wicked rule, 'the people mourn.' The Hebrew 'rabah' (increase/multiply) and 'mashal' (rule) create contrast. Righteous leadership produces joy; wicked rule brings groaning. Reformed theology recognizes government as God's gift for human flourishing. Righteous rulers promote justice, peace, and prosperity; wicked rulers bring oppression and suffering. This grounds Christian political responsibility—we should work for righteous governance that enables human flourishing under God's standards.

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Historical & Cultural Context

Israel's history illustrated this repeatedly: righteous kings like Hezekiah and Josiah brought reform and joy; wicked kings like Manasseh and Jehoiakim brought oppression and judgment.

Reflection Questions

  1. How do you work toward righteous governance in your political involvement?
  2. What characteristics of righteous vs. wicked rule do you see in contemporary governance?
  3. How should this verse shape your political priorities and engagement?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 8 words
בִּרְב֣וֹת1 of 8

are in authority

H7235

to increase (in whatever respect)

צַ֭דִּיקִים2 of 8

When the righteous

H6662

just

יִשְׂמַ֣ח3 of 8

rejoice

H8055

probably to brighten up, i.e., (figuratively) be (causatively, make) blithe or gleesome

עָֽם׃4 of 8

the people

H5971

a people (as a congregated unit); specifically, a tribe (as those of israel); hence (collectively) troops or attendants; figuratively, a flock

וּבִמְשֹׁ֥ל5 of 8

beareth rule

H4910

to rule

רָ֝שָׁ֗ע6 of 8

but when the wicked

H7563

morally wrong; concretely, an (actively) bad person

יֵאָ֥נַֽח7 of 8

mourn

H584

to sigh

עָֽם׃8 of 8

the people

H5971

a people (as a congregated unit); specifically, a tribe (as those of israel); hence (collectively) troops or attendants; figuratively, a flock


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Proverbs. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Proverbs 29:2 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Proverbs 29:2 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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