King James Version

What Does Proverbs 24:17 Mean?

Proverbs 24:17 in the King James Version says “Rejoice not when thine enemy falleth, and let not thine heart be glad when he stumbleth: — study this verse from Proverbs chapter 24 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

Rejoice not when thine enemy falleth, and let not thine heart be glad when he stumbleth:

Proverbs 24:17 · KJV


Context

15

Lay not wait, O wicked man, against the dwelling of the righteous; spoil not his resting place:

16

For a just man falleth seven times, and riseth up again: but the wicked shall fall into mischief.

17

Rejoice not when thine enemy falleth, and let not thine heart be glad when he stumbleth:

18

Lest the LORD see it, and it displease him, and he turn away his wrath from him. it displeaseth: Heb. it be evil in his eyes

19

Fret not thyself because of evil men, neither be thou envious at the wicked; Fret: or, Keep not company with the wicked


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
'Rejoice not when thine enemy falleth'—don't celebrate when those who opposed you suffer judgment. This commands remarkable grace: instead of vindictive joy, show restraint even toward enemies. Verse 18 explains why: 'lest the LORD see it, and it displease him, and he turn away his wrath from him.' Gloating over judgment might cause God to show mercy to your enemy (to humble your pride) and judgment to you. This teaches that vengeance belongs to God alone; our response should be sober recognition of justice, not gleeful celebration. Paul echoes this in Romans 12:14-21—bless persecutors, don't seek revenge. Such grace reflects God's character and Christ's teaching to love enemies. Even when God judges wickedness justly, avoid prideful gloating.

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Historical & Cultural Context

Proverbs 25:21-22 commands feeding hungry enemies. Jesus taught loving and praying for persecutors. This radical grace distinguished God's people from pagan cultures that celebrated enemies' destruction.

Reflection Questions

  1. Do you celebrate when those who wronged you suffer, or do you show grace?
  2. How can you cultivate godly sorrow over necessary judgment rather than vindictive joy?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 8 words
בִּנְפֹ֣ל1 of 8

falleth

H5307

to fall, in a great variety of applications (intransitive or causative, literal or figurative)

אֽ֭וֹיִבְיךָ2 of 8

not when thine enemy

H341

hating; an adversary

אַל3 of 8
H408

not (the qualified negation, used as a deprecative); once (job 24:25) as a noun, nothing

תִּשְׂמָ֑ח4 of 8

Rejoice

H8055

probably to brighten up, i.e., (figuratively) be (causatively, make) blithe or gleesome

וּ֝בִכָּשְׁל֗וֹ5 of 8

when he stumbleth

H3782

to totter or waver (through weakness of the legs, especially the ankle); by implication, to falter, stumble, faint or fall

אַל6 of 8
H408

not (the qualified negation, used as a deprecative); once (job 24:25) as a noun, nothing

יָגֵ֥ל7 of 8

be glad

H1523

properly, to spin round (under the influence of any violent emotion), i.e., usually rejoice, or (as cringing) fear

לִבֶּֽךָ׃8 of 8

and let not thine heart

H3820

the heart; also used (figuratively) very widely for the feelings, the will and even the intellect; likewise for the center of anything


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Proverbs. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Proverbs 24:17 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Proverbs 24:17 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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