King James Version

What Does Proverbs 23:21 Mean?

Proverbs 23:21 in the King James Version says “For the drunkard and the glutton shall come to poverty: and drowsiness shall clothe a man with rags. — study this verse from Proverbs chapter 23 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

For the drunkard and the glutton shall come to poverty: and drowsiness shall clothe a man with rags.

Proverbs 23:21 · KJV


Context

19

Hear thou, my son, and be wise, and guide thine heart in the way.

20

Be not among winebibbers ; among riotous eaters of flesh: of flesh: Heb. of their flesh

21

For the drunkard and the glutton shall come to poverty: and drowsiness shall clothe a man with rags.

22

Hearken unto thy father that begat thee, and despise not thy mother when she is old.

23

Buy the truth, and sell it not; also wisdom, and instruction, and understanding.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
Drunkards and gluttons 'shall come to poverty'—excessive indulgence produces economic ruin. 'Drowsiness' (stupor from overconsumption) leads to wearing 'rags' (poverty's marker). This continues the warning from verse 20 by describing consequences. Those who pursue pleasure squander resources and neglect productive work, inevitably ending in want. The principle extends beyond literal drunkenness to any form of excess that prioritizes gratification over stewardship. Self-control is a fruit of the Spirit; lack of it demonstrates carnality. Believers must practice moderation in all things, stewarding resources wisely and avoiding enslavement to appetites. Discipline yourself or reap discipline's consequences.

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

Ancient societies recognized that chronic drunkenness and gluttony led to poverty. Despite modern wealth insulating some from immediate consequences, the principle remains: indulgence produces dysfunction.

Reflection Questions

  1. What areas of indulgence or lack of self-control are leading you toward spiritual or material poverty?
  2. How can you cultivate greater discipline in eating, drinking, and consuming?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 7 words
כִּי1 of 7
H3588

(by implication) very widely used as a relative conjunction or adverb (as below); often largely modified by other particles annexed

סֹבֵ֣א2 of 7

For the drunkard

H5433

to quaff to satiety, i.e., become tipsy

וְ֭זוֹלֵל3 of 7

and the glutton

H2151

figuratively, to be loose morally, worthless or prodigal

יִוָּרֵ֑שׁ4 of 7

shall come to poverty

H3423

to occupy (by driving out previous tenants, and possessing in their place); by implication, to seize, to rob, to inherit; also to expel, to impoverish

וּ֝קְרָעִ֗ים5 of 7

a man with rags

H7168

a rag

תַּלְבִּ֥ישׁ6 of 7

shall clothe

H3847

properly, wrap around, i.e., (by implication) to put on a garment or clothe (oneself, or another), literally or figuratively

נוּמָֽה׃7 of 7

and drowsiness

H5124

sleepiness


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Proverbs. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Proverbs 23:21 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Proverbs 23:21 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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