King James Version

What Does Philippians 3:19 Mean?

Philippians 3:19 in the King James Version says “Whose end is destruction, whose God is their belly, and whose glory is in their shame, who mind earthly things.) — study this verse from Philippians chapter 3 with commentary, cross-references, and original Greek word analysis.

Whose end is destruction, whose God is their belly, and whose glory is in their shame, who mind earthly things.)

Philippians 3:19 · KJV


Context

17

Brethren, be followers together of me, and mark them which walk so as ye have us for an ensample.

18

(For many walk, of whom I have told you often, and now tell you even weeping, that they are the enemies of the cross of Christ:

19

Whose end is destruction, whose God is their belly, and whose glory is in their shame, who mind earthly things.)

20

For our conversation is in heaven; from whence also we look for the Saviour, the Lord Jesus Christ: conversation: or, we live or conduct ourselves as citizens of heaven, or, for obtaining heaven

21

Who shall change our vile body, that it may be fashioned like unto his glorious body, according to the working whereby he is able even to subdue all things unto himself.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
Whose end is destruction, whose God is their belly, and whose glory is in their shame, who mind earthly things (ὧν τὸ τέλος ἀπώλεια, ὧν ὁ θεὸς ἡ κοιλία καὶ ἡ δόξα ἐν τῇ αἰσχύνῃ αὐτῶν, οἱ τὰ ἐπίγεια φρονοῦντες, hōn to telos apōleia, hōn ho theos hē koilia kai hē doxa en tē aischynē autōn, hoi ta epigeia phronountes)—Four characteristics of cross-enemies: (1) Telos apōleia ("end is destruction")—eternal judgment awaits. (2) Ho theos hē koilia ("god is belly")—appetite rules them (whether food, sensuality, or comfort). (3) Doxa en tē aischynē ("glory in shame")—they boast in shameful things (possibly circumcision, v. 2). (4) Ta epigeia phronountes ("minding earthly things")—phroneō ("set mind on") earthly versus heavenly. This likely describes legalists whose religion is external, earthly, ritualistic—not Spirit-born transformation.

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

Identifying these opponents is debated. If Judaizers: 'belly' may refer to dietary laws they insisted on; 'glory in shame' to circumcision (which Paul called 'concision,' v. 2); 'earthly things' to external rituals versus spiritual reality. Alternatively, if libertines: 'belly' is sensuality; 'glory in shame' is immoral boasting; 'earthly things' is worldliness. Context (ch. 3's polemic against Judaizers) suggests former. Their externalism opposed cross-wrought internal transformation.

Reflection Questions

  1. What does it mean to have 'belly as god'—what appetites or comforts might rule you?
  2. How do religious people 'glory in their shame'—boasting in external observances versus Christ?
  3. What is the difference between 'minding earthly things' and legitimate earthly stewardship?

Original Language Analysis

Greek · 20 words
ὧν1 of 20

Whose

G3739

the relatively (sometimes demonstrative) pronoun, who, which, what, that

τὰ2 of 20

who

G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

τέλος3 of 20

end

G5056

properly, the point aimed at as a limit, i.e., (by implication) the conclusion of an act or state (termination (literally, figuratively or indefinitel

ἀπώλεια4 of 20

is destruction

G684

ruin or loss (physical, spiritual or eternal)

ὧν5 of 20

Whose

G3739

the relatively (sometimes demonstrative) pronoun, who, which, what, that

τὰ6 of 20

who

G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

θεὸς7 of 20

God

G2316

a deity, especially (with g3588) the supreme divinity; figuratively, a magistrate; exceedingly (by hebraism)

τὰ8 of 20

who

G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

κοιλία9 of 20

is their belly

G2836

a cavity, i.e., (especially) the abdomen; by implication, the matrix; figuratively, the heart

καὶ10 of 20

and

G2532

and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words

τὰ11 of 20

who

G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

δόξα12 of 20

whose glory

G1391

glory (as very apparent), in a wide application (literal or figurative, objective or subjective)

ἐν13 of 20

is in

G1722

"in," at, (up-)on, by, etc

τὰ14 of 20

who

G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

αἰσχύνῃ15 of 20

shame

G152

shame or disgrace (abstractly or concretely)

αὐτῶν16 of 20

their

G846

the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons

τὰ17 of 20

who

G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

τὰ18 of 20

who

G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

ἐπίγεια19 of 20

earthly things

G1919

worldly (physically or morally)

φρονοῦντες20 of 20

mind

G5426

to exercise the mind, i.e., entertain or have a sentiment or opinion; by implication, to be (mentally) disposed (more or less earnestly in a certain d


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Philippians. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Philippians 3:19 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Philippians 3:19 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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