King James Version

What Does Matthew 5:10 Mean?

Matthew 5:10 in the King James Version says “Blessed are they which are persecuted for righteousness' sake: for theirs is the kingdom of heaven. — study this verse from Matthew chapter 5 with commentary, cross-references, and original Greek word analysis.

Blessed are they which are persecuted for righteousness' sake: for theirs is the kingdom of heaven.

Matthew 5:10 · KJV


Context

8

Blessed are the pure in heart: for they shall see God.

9

Blessed are the peacemakers: for they shall be called the children of God.

10

Blessed are they which are persecuted for righteousness' sake: for theirs is the kingdom of heaven.

11

Blessed are ye, when men shall revile you, and persecute you, and shall say all manner of evil against you falsely, for my sake . falsely: Gr. lying

12

Rejoice, and be exceeding glad: for great is your reward in heaven: for so persecuted they the prophets which were before you.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
This beatitude declares 'Blessed are they which are persecuted for righteousness' sake: for theirs is the kingdom of heaven' (Greek: δεδιωγμένοι ἕνεκεν δικαιοσύνης, 'having been persecuted on account of righteousness'). The passive voice indicates suffering inflicted by others, not self-imposed hardship. The critical qualifier 'for righteousness' sake' distinguishes suffering for faithful living from suffering due to foolishness or sin. The promise 'theirs is the kingdom' uses present tense, indicating current possession despite present persecution. Persecution becomes the paradoxical mark of kingdom citizenship.

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

Early Christians faced persecution from both Jewish authorities (excommunication from synagogues) and Roman officials (refusing Caesar worship). Jesus' original audience, living under Roman occupation with memories of Maccabean martyrs, understood persecution. This beatitude would prepare disciples for coming opposition. The emphasis on suffering for righteousness echoes Israel's prophetic tradition where faithful witnesses often faced violent rejection.

Reflection Questions

  1. How do we distinguish between suffering for righteousness and suffering due to our own poor choices?
  2. Why is persecution considered a mark of authentic kingdom citizenship?
  3. In what ways might we face persecution for righteousness in our cultural context?

Original Language Analysis

Greek · 12 words
Μακάριοι1 of 12

Blessed

G3107

supremely blest; by extension, fortunate, well off

οἱ2 of 12
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

δεδιωγμένοι3 of 12

are they which are persecuted

G1377

compare the base of g1169 and g1249); to pursue (literally or figuratively); by implication, to persecute

ἕνεκεν4 of 12

for

G1752

on account of

δικαιοσύνης5 of 12

righteousness' sake

G1343

equity (of character or act); specially (christian) justification

ὅτι6 of 12

for

G3754

demonstrative, that (sometimes redundant); causative, because

αὐτῶν7 of 12

theirs

G846

the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons

ἐστιν8 of 12

is

G2076

he (she or it) is; also (with neuter plural) they are

9 of 12
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

βασιλεία10 of 12

the kingdom

G932

properly, royalty, i.e., (abstractly) rule, or (concretely) a realm (literally or figuratively)

τῶν11 of 12
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

οὐρανῶν12 of 12

of heaven

G3772

the sky; by extension, heaven (as the abode of god); by implication, happiness, power, eternity; specially, the gospel (christianity)


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Matthew. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Matthew 5:10 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Matthew 5:10 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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