King James Version

What Does Matthew 27:52 Mean?

Matthew 27:52 in the King James Version says “And the graves were opened; and many bodies of the saints which slept arose, — study this verse from Matthew chapter 27 with commentary, cross-references, and original Greek word analysis.

And the graves were opened; and many bodies of the saints which slept arose,

Matthew 27:52 · KJV


Context

50

Jesus, when he had cried again with a loud voice, yielded up the ghost.

51

And, behold, the veil of the temple was rent in twain from the top to the bottom; and the earth did quake, and the rocks rent;

52

And the graves were opened; and many bodies of the saints which slept arose,

53

And came out of the graves after his resurrection, and went into the holy city, and appeared unto many.

54

Now when the centurion, and they that were with him, watching Jesus, saw the earthquake, and those things that were done, they feared greatly, saying, Truly this was the Son of God.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
And the graves were opened; and many bodies of the saints which slept arose. This extraordinary sign accompanied Jesus's death. 'The graves were opened' (τὰ μνημεῖα ἀνεῴχθησαν/ta mnēmeia aneōchthēsan)—tombs split open in the earthquake. But more remarkably, 'many bodies of the saints which slept arose' (πολλὰ σώματα τῶν κεκοιμημένων ἁγίων ἠγέρθησαν/polla sōmata tōn kekoimēmenōn hagiōn ēgerthēsan).

'Saints which slept' (τῶν κεκοιμημένων ἁγίων/tōn kekoimēmenōn hagiōn)—'sleep' is biblical terminology for death for believers (1 Thessalonians 4:13-14). These were OT believers who had died trusting God's promises. Their resurrection demonstrated that Christ's death conquered death not only for the future but retroactively for all who trust Him.

They arose when Christ died but appeared after His resurrection (Matthew 27:53), showing Christ as 'firstfruits' (1 Corinthians 15:20). His resurrection caused theirs; His victory over death liberated them from death's hold. This anticipated the final resurrection when all saints will rise in glorified bodies.

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Historical & Cultural Context

This supernatural event at Christ's death testified to His redemptive work's cosmic significance. Death's power was broken; the grave could not hold God's people. Early church fathers (Ignatius, Origen) referenced this as proof of resurrection's reality.

Reflection Questions

  1. How does the resurrection of OT saints at Christ's death demonstrate that His atoning work has retroactive power for all believers throughout history?
  2. What does it mean that death is described as 'sleep' for believers—how should this shape our view of Christian death?
  3. How should the reality of bodily resurrection (demonstrated by these saints rising) affect our hope and how we view our physical bodies?

Original Language Analysis

Greek · 11 words
καὶ1 of 11

And

G2532

and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words

τῶν2 of 11

which

G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

μνημεῖα3 of 11

the graves

G3419

a remembrance, i.e., cenotaph (place of interment)

ἀνεῴχθησαν4 of 11

were opened

G455

to open up (literally or figuratively, in various applications)

καὶ5 of 11

And

G2532

and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words

πολλὰ6 of 11

many

G4183

(singular) much (in any respect) or (plural) many; neuter (singular) as adverbial, largely; neuter (plural) as adverb or noun often, mostly, largely

σώματα7 of 11

bodies

G4983

the body (as a sound whole), used in a very wide application, literally or figuratively

τῶν8 of 11

which

G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

κεκοιμημένων9 of 11

slept

G2837

to put to sleep, i.e., (passively or reflexively) to slumber; figuratively, to decease

ἁγίων10 of 11

of the saints

G40

sacred (physically, pure, morally blameless or religious, ceremonially, consecrated)

ἠγέρθη,11 of 11

arose

G1453

to waken (transitively or intransitively), i.e., rouse (literally, from sleep, from sitting or lying, from disease, from death; or figuratively, from


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Matthew. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Matthew 27:52 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Matthew 27:52 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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