King James Version

What Does Matthew 27:38 Mean?

Matthew 27:38 in the King James Version says “Then were there two thieves crucified with him, one on the right hand, and another on the left. — study this verse from Matthew chapter 27 with commentary, cross-references, and original Greek word analysis.

Then were there two thieves crucified with him, one on the right hand, and another on the left.

Matthew 27:38 · KJV


Context

36

And sitting down they watched him there;

37

And set up over his head his accusation written, THIS IS JESUS THE KING OF THE JEWS.

38

Then were there two thieves crucified with him, one on the right hand, and another on the left.

39

And they that passed by reviled him, wagging their heads,

40

And saying, Thou that destroyest the temple, and buildest it in three days, save thyself. If thou be the Son of God, come down from the cross.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
Two thieves crucified with him, one on the right hand, and another on the left (δύο λῃσταί, dyo lēstai)—not petty thieves but lēstai, bandits or insurrectionists (same word for Barabbas, John 18:40). Jesus is numbered with transgressors (Isaiah 53:12), literally between them.

The positioning fulfills the request of James and John's mother: Grant that these my two sons may sit, the one on thy right hand, and the other on the left, in thy kingdom (Matthew 20:21). Jesus replied, Ye know not what ye ask. Now we see: the right and left positions in his kingdom are crosses. Glory comes through suffering.

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

Crucifixion was reserved for slaves, pirates, and insurrectionists—never Roman citizens (except for treason). That Jesus was crucified between two lēstai reinforced the charge of sedition: he was treated as the ringleader of a revolutionary movement.

Reflection Questions

  1. How does Jesus's position between two criminals fulfill both prophecy and the request in Matthew 20:20-23?
  2. What does one thief's repentance (Luke 23:39-43) reveal about the sufficiency of Christ's grace even in the final moments?

Original Language Analysis

Greek · 13 words
Τότε1 of 13

Then

G5119

the when, i.e., at the time that (of the past or future, also in consecution)

σταυροῦνται2 of 13

crucified

G4717

to impale on the cross; figuratively, to extinguish (subdue) passion or selfishness

σὺν3 of 13

with

G4862

with or together (but much closer than g3326 or g3844), i.e., by association, companionship, process, resemblance, possession, instrumentality, additi

αὐτῷ4 of 13

him

G846

the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons

δύο5 of 13

were there two

G1417

"two"

λῃσταί6 of 13

thieves

G3027

a brigand

εἷς7 of 13

another

G1520

one

ἐξ8 of 13

on

G1537

a primary preposition denoting origin (the point whence action or motion proceeds), from, out (of place, time, or cause literal or figurative; direct

δεξιῶν9 of 13

the right hand

G1188

the right side or (feminine) hand (as that which usually takes)

καὶ10 of 13

and

G2532

and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words

εἷς11 of 13

another

G1520

one

ἐξ12 of 13

on

G1537

a primary preposition denoting origin (the point whence action or motion proceeds), from, out (of place, time, or cause literal or figurative; direct

εὐωνύμων13 of 13

the left

G2176

properly, well-named (good-omened), i.e., the left (which was the lucky side among the pagan greeks); neuter as adverbial, at the left hand


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Matthew. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Matthew 27:38 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Matthew 27:38 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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