King James Version

What Does Matthew 27:39 Mean?

Matthew 27:39 in the King James Version says “And they that passed by reviled him, wagging their heads, — study this verse from Matthew chapter 27 with commentary, cross-references, and original Greek word analysis.

And they that passed by reviled him, wagging their heads,

Matthew 27:39 · KJV


Context

37

And set up over his head his accusation written, THIS IS JESUS THE KING OF THE JEWS.

38

Then were there two thieves crucified with him, one on the right hand, and another on the left.

39

And they that passed by reviled him, wagging their heads,

40

And saying, Thou that destroyest the temple, and buildest it in three days, save thyself. If thou be the Son of God, come down from the cross.

41

Likewise also the chief priests mocking him, with the scribes and elders, said,


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
They that passed by reviled him (ἐβλασφήμουν, eblasphēmoun)—literally blasphemed, hurled insults at him. Wagging their heads (κινοῦντες τὰς κεφαλὰς, kinountes tas kephalas)—the ancient gesture of mockery and contempt, fulfilling Psalm 22:7: All they that see me laugh me to scorn: they shoot out the lip, they shake the head.

Golgotha was near a main road; Passover crowds stream past. The Suffering Servant endures not only physical agony but public scorn. He who taught blessed are ye, when men shall revile you (Matthew 5:11) now experiences ultimate reviling.

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Historical & Cultural Context

Crucifixion sites were deliberately placed along major roads to maximize public visibility and deterrent effect. Jerusalem's population swelled during Passover from ~50,000 to over 200,000, ensuring massive crowds would witness Jesus's execution.

Reflection Questions

  1. How does the public mockery of Jesus fulfill Psalm 22 and reveal the depth of his humiliation?
  2. What does Jesus's silence in the face of reviling teach about responding to persecution (1 Peter 2:23)?

Original Language Analysis

Greek · 9 words
Οἱ1 of 9
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

δὲ2 of 9

And

G1161

but, and, etc

παραπορευόμενοι3 of 9

they that passed by

G3899

to travel near

ἐβλασφήμουν4 of 9

reviled

G987

to vilify; specially, to speak impiously

αὐτῶν5 of 9

him

G846

the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons

κινοῦντες6 of 9

wagging

G2795

to stir (transitively), literally or figuratively

τὰς7 of 9
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

κεφαλὰς8 of 9

heads

G2776

the head (as the part most readily taken hold of), literally or figuratively

αὐτῶν9 of 9

him

G846

the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Matthew. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Matthew 27:39 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Matthew 27:39 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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