King James Version

What Does Matthew 13:46 Mean?

Matthew 13:46 in the King James Version says “Who, when he had found one pearl of great price, went and sold all that he had, and bought it. — study this verse from Matthew chapter 13 with commentary, cross-references, and original Greek word analysis.

Who, when he had found one pearl of great price, went and sold all that he had, and bought it.

Matthew 13:46 · KJV


Context

44

Again, the kingdom of heaven is like unto treasure hid in a field; the which when a man hath found, he hideth, and for joy thereof goeth and selleth all that he hath, and buyeth that field.

45

Again, the kingdom of heaven is like unto a merchant man, seeking goodly pearls:

46

Who, when he had found one pearl of great price, went and sold all that he had, and bought it.

47

Again, the kingdom of heaven is like unto a net, that was cast into the sea, and gathered of every kind:

48

Which, when it was full, they drew to shore, and sat down, and gathered the good into vessels, but cast the bad away.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
Who, when he had found one pearl of great price (ἕνα πολύτιμον μαργαρίτην, hena polytimon margaritēn—'one very precious pearl'), went and sold all that he had, and bought it. This is the second 'hidden treasure' parable (cf. v. 44), but with key differences: the merchant was actively searching (v. 45), whereas the first man stumbled upon treasure. Both, however, joyfully sacrifice everything for surpassing value.

The kingdom's worth demands total commitment—no half-hearted discipleship. Some interpret the merchant as Christ purchasing the church (pearl) at infinite cost (His blood), but context suggests the seeker is the believer recognizing the kingdom's supremacy and surrendering all (Luke 14:33, Philippians 3:7-8). The singularity—one pearl—emphasizes the kingdom's uniqueness: nothing rivals Christ's worth.

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

Pearls were the most valuable gems in the ancient world (beyond gold or silver), sourced from the Red Sea, Persian Gulf, or Indian Ocean through dangerous diving. For Jesus's audience, a 'pearl of great price' represented incomprehensible wealth. Merchant trading in fine pearls would be a wealthy, knowledgeable expert—yet even he sells everything for one supreme find.

Reflection Questions

  1. What 'all that he had' might Jesus be calling you to 'sell' to fully possess the kingdom?
  2. Do you approach Christianity as one option among many, or as the pearl that relativizes all other values?
  3. How does this parable challenge consumer Christianity that seeks Jesus's benefits without surrendering all?

Original Language Analysis

Greek · 13 words
ὃς1 of 13

Who

G3739

the relatively (sometimes demonstrative) pronoun, who, which, what, that

εὑρὼν2 of 13

when he had found

G2147

to find (literally or figuratively)

ἕνα3 of 13

one

G1520

one

πολύτιμον4 of 13

of great price

G4186

extremely valuable

μαργαρίτην5 of 13

pearl

G3135

a pearl

ἀπελθὼν6 of 13

went

G565

to go off (i.e., depart), aside (i.e., apart) or behind (i.e., follow), literally or figuratively

πέπρακεν7 of 13

and sold

G4097

from the base of g4008); to traffic (by travelling), i.e., dispose of as merchandise or into slavery (literally or figuratively)

πάντα8 of 13

all

G3956

all, any, every, the whole

ὅσα9 of 13

that

G3745

as (much, great, long, etc.) as

εἶχεν10 of 13

he had

G2192

to hold (used in very various applications, literally or figuratively, direct or remote; such as possession; ability, contiuity, relation, or conditio

καὶ11 of 13

and

G2532

and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words

ἠγόρασεν12 of 13

bought

G59

properly, to go to market, i.e., (by implication) to purchase; specially, to redeem

αὐτόν13 of 13

it

G846

the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Matthew. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Matthew 13:46 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Matthew 13:46 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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